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HEMATOLOGY 2 > HEMOSTASIS > Flashcards

HEMOSTASIS Flashcards

1
Q

Maintenance of blood flow within the vascular system

A

Hemostasis

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2
Q

Bruising or bleeding tendency in patient care

A

Extend venipuncture site observation time from 1 to 5 minutes, apply pressure bandage before dismissal

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3
Q

Labile factors, easily destroyed

A

Factors V and VIII

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4
Q

Cold temperature (1-6°C) storage; effects on blood

A

Precipitates von Willebrand factor, activates Factor VIII, destroys platelets

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5
Q

Anticoagulant that increased stability of Factor V and VIII, stored in light blue top tubes (18-24°C)

A

Sodium Citrate concentration (0.105 to 0.109 M)

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6
Q

Found in light blue top tubes for coagulation tests, PF4 and β-TG assays

A

CTAD (Citrate, Theophylline, Adenosine, Dipyridamole)

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7
Q

Phlebotomist adjustment for high hematocrit

A

Use decreased anticoagulant volume for high hematocrit patients

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8
Q

Formula for adjusting anticoagulant volume

A

C = (1.85 X 10^-3) (100-H) V

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9
Q

Variables in anticoagulant volume formula

A

C = volume of sodium citrate, V = volume of whole blood-sodium citrate, H = hematocrit (%)

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10
Q

Hematocrit below 20% in anemic patients

A

No need to increase anticoagulant volume

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11
Q

Shortened PT/APTT test results

A

Hemolysis, excessive agitation, prolonged tourniquet application, excessive needle manipulation, platelet contamination

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12
Q

Prolonged PT/APTT test results

A

Presence of clots

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13
Q

Increased anticoagulant concentration is caused by

A

Short draw (underfilled), elevated hematocrit (>55%)

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14
Q

Adult with good veins, specimen < 25 mL Preferred Needle Gauge and Length

A

20 or 21 gauge, thin-walled, 1.0 or 1.25 inches long

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15
Q

Adult with good veins, specimens > 25 mL Preferred Needle Gauge and Length

A

19 gauge, 1.0 or 1.25 inches long

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16
Q

Child or adult with small, friable, or hardened veins Preferred Needle Gauge and Length

A

23 gauge, winged-needle set; minimal negative pressure

17
Q

Transfer of blood from syringe to tube Preferred Needle Gauge and Length

A

19 gauge, slowly inject through tube closure

18
Q

Syringe with winged-needle set Preferred Needle Gauge and Length

A

20, 21, or 23 gauge, thin-walled; for small, friable veins or specialized coagulation testing

19
Q

PT with no unfractionated heparin (UFH) in specimen

A

18 to 24 C, 24 hours

20
Q

PTT with no unfractionated heparin (UFH) in specimen

A

18 to 24 C, 4 hours

21
Q

PTT for monitoring UFH therapy

A

18 to 24 C, Separate within 1 hour, test within 4 hours

22
Q

PT when UFH is present in specimen

A

18 to 24 C, Separate within 1 hour, test within 4 hours

23
Q

Petechiae size

A

1mm

24
Q

Purpura size

A

3mm

25
Q

Ecchymosis size

A

> 1cm

26
Q

Nose bleed

A

Epistaxis

27
Q

Hemorrhage into a joint

A

Hemarthrosis

28
Q

Expectoration of blood from respiratory tract

A

Hemoptysis

29
Q

Vomiting of blood

A

Hematemesis

30
Q

Unusually heavy or prolonged menstrual periods

A

Menorrhagia

31
Q

Passage of fresh blood per anus, usually in or with stools (bright red color)

A

Hematochezia

32
Q

Pathological formation of blood clots in veins/arteries that obstruct blood flow

A

Thrombosis

33
Q

Reduced levels of fibrinogen in the blood

A

Hypofibrinogenemia

34
Q

Fibrinogen does not function normally or optimally

A

Dysfibrinogenemia

35
Q

Two stages of hemostasis

A

Primary and Secondary

36
Q

Primary hemostasis involves

A

Constriction of damaged blood vessels; formation of platelet plugs

37
Q

Secondary hemostasis involves

A

Formation of fibrin network through activated coagulation factors

38
Q

Inhibition of activated coagulation factor

A

Occurs in secondary hemostasis

HEMATOLOGY 2 (15 decks)

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