FIBRINOLYSIS

Question 1

Final stage of coagulation and is the dissolution of the formed clot

Answer 1

Fibrinolysis

Question 2

Fibrinolysis starts after

Answer 2

Fibrin polymerization and cross-linking

Question 3

Two activators of fibrinolysis that are released in response to inflammation and coagulation

Answer 3

TPA and UPA

Question 4

Fibrinolytic proteins accumulate on fibrin during clotting and become incorporated into the fibrin clot

Answer 4

Plasminogen, plasmin, TPA, UPA, and PAI-1

Question 5

TPA and UPA function

Answer 5

Activate fibrin-bound plasminogen several hours after clot formation, degrade fibrin, and restore blood flow during vascular repair

Question 6

Plasminogen is produced by

Answer 6

Liver

Question 7

Plasminogen is stored in

Answer 7

Eosinophils

Question 8

Fibrin-bound plasminogen converts to

Answer 8

Active plasmin

Question 9

Plasmin function

Answer 9

Digests clot, restores vessel patency

Question 10

Free plasmin digests

Answer 10

Fibrinogen, factor V, VIII, fibronectin

Question 11

α2-antiplasmin

Answer 11

Inactivates free plasmin

Question 12

TPA function

Answer 12

Serine protease activating plasminogen

Question 13

Circulating TPA

Answer 13

Bound to PAI-1, cleared from plasma

Question 14

UPA function

Answer 14

Intrinsic plasminogen activator

Question 15

UPA secretion

Answer 15

Urinary tract epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages

Question 16

UPA binding

Answer 16

Does NOT bind firmly to fibrin

Question 17

UPA physiologic effect

Answer 17

Relatively minor

Question 18

PAI-1 function

Answer 18

Principal inhibitor of plasminogen activation

Question 19

PAI-1 action

Answer 19

Inhibits TPA and UPA, preventing plasminogen conversion to plasmin

Question 20

α2-antiplasmin function

Answer 20

Inhibits plasmin, primary inhibitor of free plasmin

Question 21

α2-antiplasmin synthesis

Answer 21

Synthesized in the liver

Question 22

ε-aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid function

Answer 22

Antifibrinolytic, inhibit plasmin’s proteolytic activity

Question 23

TAFI synthesis

Answer 23

Synthesized in the liver

Question 24

TAFI activation

Answer 24

Activated by thrombin-thrombomodulin complex

Question 25

Activated TAFI function

Answer 25

Antifibrinolytic enzyme

Question 26

D-dimer test purpose

Answer 26

Detects lysed fibrin clot

Question 27

D-dimer production

Answer 27

Plasmin lyses fibrin, produces FDP that produce D-dimer (portion of FDP)

Question 28

Plasmin and fibrinogen

Answer 28

Plasmin lyses fibrinogen but no D-dimer

Question 29

D-dimer (+)

Answer 29

Indicates stable fibrin clot lysis

Question 30

FDP/FSP(+)

Answer 30

DIC or Pathological fibrinolysis

Question 31

FDP(+), D-dimer(-)

Answer 31

Pathological fibrinolysis

Question 32

FDP(+), D-dimer(+)

Answer 32

DIC

Question 33

Euglobulin Lysis Test purpose

Answer 33

Measures fibrinolytic activity by lysis of clot

Question 34

Proteins that precipitates when plasma is diluted with water and acidified

Answer 34

Euglobulins

Question 35

Euglobulins include

Answer 35

Plasminogen, plasmin, fibrinogen, plasminogen activators

Question 36

Procedure for Euglobulin Lysis Test

Answer 36

Patient’s citrated PPP is diluted, acidified, refrigerated, and clot formed with thrombin

Question 37

Normal Euglobulin Lysis Time

Answer 37

Typically longer than 2 hours

Question 38

Euglobulin Lysis Time < 2 hours

Answer 38

Indicates increased fibrinolytic activity