Hemostasis

Question 0

First cellular evidence that there is a break in the endothelium to stop the bleeding

Answer 0

Platelet system

Question 1

Four major steps in hemostasis

Answer 1

Vasoconstriction
Formation of platelet plug
Blood clot
Growth of fibrous tissue

Question 2

System which dissolves the clot

Answer 2

Fibrinolytic system

Question 3

First response to injury

Answer 3

Vasospasm = localized vasoconstriction

Question 4

Protein which causes platelets to contract

Answer 4

Thrombosthenin

Question 5

Molecule responsible for platelet aggregation

Answer 5

Von Willenbrand Factor

Question 6

Receptor responsible for adhesion of platelets to collagen and vessel wall to form platelet plug

Answer 6

Gp1a

Question 7

Factors affecting platelet activation

Answer 7

Von Willenbrand
ADP
Ca2+
Thromboxane

Question 8

Stabilized by the formation of an organized fibrin clot

Answer 8

Hemostatic plug

Question 9

Vitamin K dependent factors

Answer 9

FII, FVII, FIX, FX

Question 10

Provided by endothelium and platelets responsible for conversion of precursor proteins to active proteases

Answer 10

Ca, phospholipid surfaces

Question 11

Converts soluble fibrinogen into fibrin

Answer 11

Thrombin

Question 12

Needed along with fibrin to form a mesh-like net to catch blood cells

Answer 12

FXIII

Question 13

Pathway which initiates coagulation cascade

Answer 13

Extrinsic pathway

Question 14

Expressed in the extrinsic pathway following injury

Answer 14

Tissue Factor

Question 15

Causes activation of FIX and FX in the extrinsic pathway

Answer 15

Binding of TF and FVII

Question 16

Activates thrombin from prothrombin

Answer 16

FXa

Question 17

Triggered by shortage of FXa and thrombin

Answer 17

Intrinsic Pathway

Question 18

Pathway activated in the presence of thrombin

Answer 18

Intrinsic Pathway

Question 19

Coagulation factor enhanced in the intrinsic pathway

Answer 19

FXa

Question 20

Inhibits thrombin formation and FXa

Answer 20

Antithrombin III

Question 21

Inhibits the formation of fibrin clot by inactivating FVa and VIIa in the intrinsic pathway

Answer 21

Protein C, protein S

Question 22

Binds to thrombin, decreases ability to produce fibrin

Answer 22

Thrombomodulin

Question 23

Affect posttranslational modification, cause dysfunctional fibrin clots

Answer 23

Vitamin K antagonists

Question 24

Mechanism of heparin action

Answer 24

Inactivates thrombin and Xa

Question 25

Proceeds upon plasminogen activation to degrade fibrin

Answer 25

Fibrinolysis

Question 26

Blood composition
Vessel wall components
Blood flow

Answer 26

Virchow’s Triad

Question 27

Thrombus vs Embolus

Answer 27

Thrombus - clot in an unbroken vessel

Embolus - object that blocks blood flow that can move through the vessel; may also be a thrombus or air bubble

Question 28

Small pinpoint hematomas 1-2mm in diameter due to minor hemorrhage

Answer 28

Petechiae

Question 29

Bruise about 1cm in diameter due to bleeding under the skin

Answer 29

Purpura

Question 30

Another term for bruise

Answer 30

Ecchymoses

Question 31

Deep seated collection of clotted blood in an organ, tissue, space, or cavity

Answer 31

Hematoma

Question 32

Microcytic vs normocytic anemia

Answer 32

Microcytic - small and hyperchromic red blood cells

Normocytic - normal MCV but lowered hematocrit and Hb

Question 33

Performance indicator measuring the intrinsic and common pathways of hemostasis

Answer 33

Activated partial thromboplastin time

Question 34

Tests the efficacy of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation

Answer 34

Prothrombic time

Question 35

Measures the time it takes for a clot to form; measure of fibrin formation

Answer 35

Thrombin time

Question 36

Disorder characterized by Decreased fibrinogen activity

Answer 36

Dysfibrinogenemia