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Surgery > Hemorroids > Flashcards

Hemorroids Flashcards

1
Q

What are hemorrhoids?

A

Downward displacement of cushions of submucosal tissue containing venules

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2
Q

What are the common locations of hemorrhoidal cushions?

A

3

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3
Q

What is the function of hemorrhoidal cushions?

A

They aid in continence and complete closure of the anal canal at rest.

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4
Q

What is the most common symptom of internal hemorrhoids?

A

Painless bleeding during bowel movements.

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5
Q

What is the most common symptom of external hemorrhoids?

A

Pain due to thrombosis.

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6
Q

What is the treatment for first-degree hemorrhoids?

A

Conservative management (fiber diet

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7
Q

What is the treatment for second-degree hemorrhoids?

A

Rubber band ligation or sclerotherapy.

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8
Q

What is the treatment for third-degree hemorrhoids?

A

Surgical hemorrhoidectomy.

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9
Q

What is the treatment for thrombosed external hemorrhoids?

A

Elliptical excision under local anesthesia.

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10
Q

What is an anal fissure?

A

A tear in the anoderm distal to the dentate line.

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11
Q

What is the most common location of anal fissures?

A

Posterior midline (90% of cases).

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12
Q

What is the primary symptom of an anal fissure?

A

Tearing pain during defecation.

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13
Q

What is the treatment for acute anal fissures?

A

High-fiber diet

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14
Q

What is the treatment for chronic anal fissures?

A

Lateral internal sphincterotomy.

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15
Q

What is a perianal abscess?

A

An infection of the anal glands in the intersphincteric plane.

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16
Q

What is the most common type of perianal abscess?

A

Perianal abscess.

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17
Q

What is the treatment for a perianal abscess?

A

Incision and drainage.

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18
Q

What is a fistula-in-ano?

A

An abnormal communication between the anal canal and the perianal skin.

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19
Q

What is the most common cause of fistula-in-ano?

A

Cryptoglandular infection.

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20
Q

What is Goodsall’s rule?

A

Fistulas with an external opening anterior to the anus connect to the internal opening by a short

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21
Q

What is the treatment for simple intersphincteric fistulas?

A

Fistulotomy.

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22
Q

What is the treatment for high transsphincteric fistulas?

A

Seton placement.

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23
Q

What is a seton?

A

A drain placed through a fistula to maintain drainage or induce fibrosis.

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24
Q

What is the most common complication of hemorrhoidectomy?

A

Urinary retention.

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25
Q

What is the most common complication of anal fissure surgery?

A

Incontinence to flatus.

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26
Q

What is the most common symptom of a perianal abscess?

A

Severe anal pain.

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27
Q

What is the most common symptom of fistula-in-ano?

A

Recurrent perianal discharge.

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28
Q

What is the most common cause of perianal sepsis?

A

Cryptoglandular infection.

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29
Q

What is the treatment for ischiorectal abscesses?

A

Incision and drainage through the overlying skin.

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30
Q

What is the treatment for supralevator abscesses?

A

Drainage through the rectum or ischiorectal fossa

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31
Q

What is the most common symptom of thrombosed external hemorrhoids?

A

Acute

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32
Q

What is the most common symptom of chronic anal fissures?

A

Persistent pain and bleeding.

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33
Q

What is the most common symptom of perianal abscesses?

A

Pain and swelling in the perianal region.

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34
Q

What is the most common symptom of fistula-in-ano?

A

Recurrent perianal discharge and pain.

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35
Q

What is the most common complication of fistula surgery?

A

Recurrence.

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36
Q

What is the most common complication of perianal abscess drainage?

A

Recurrence or fistula formation.

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37
Q

What is the most common cause of anal fissures?

A

Trauma from hard stool or prolonged diarrhea.

How well did you know this?
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4
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38
Q

What is the most common cause of perianal abscesses?

A

Infection of the anal glands.

39
Q

What is the most common cause of fistula-in-ano?

A

Cryptoglandular infection.

40
Q

What is the most common treatment for acute anal fissures?

A

Conservative management (fiber

41
Q

What is the most common treatment for chronic anal fissures?

A

Lateral internal sphincterotomy.

42
Q

What is the most common treatment for perianal abscesses?

A

Incision and drainage.

43
Q

What is the most common treatment for fistula-in-ano?

A

Fistulotomy or seton placement.

44
Q

What is the most common complication of hemorrhoidectomy?

A

Urinary retention.

45
Q

What is the most common complication of anal fissure surgery?

A

Incontinence to flatus.

46
Q

What is the most common complication of perianal abscess drainage?

A

Recurrence or fistula formation.

47
Q

What is the most common complication of fistula surgery?

A

Recurrence.

48
Q

What are hemorrhoids?

A

Downward displacement of cushions of submucosal tissue containing venules

49
Q

What are the common locations of hemorrhoidal cushions?

50
Q

What is the function of hemorrhoidal cushions?

A

They aid in continence and complete closure of the anal canal at rest.

51
Q

What is the most common symptom of internal hemorrhoids?

A

Painless bleeding during bowel movements.

52
Q

What is the most common symptom of external hemorrhoids?

A

Pain due to thrombosis.

53
Q

What is the treatment for first-degree hemorrhoids?

A

Conservative management (fiber diet

54
Q

What is the treatment for second-degree hemorrhoids?

A

Rubber band ligation or sclerotherapy.

55
Q

What is the treatment for third-degree hemorrhoids?

A

Surgical hemorrhoidectomy.

56
Q

What is the treatment for thrombosed external hemorrhoids?

A

Elliptical excision under local anesthesia.

57
Q

What is an anal fissure?

A

A tear in the anoderm distal to the dentate line.

58
Q

What is the most common location of anal fissures?

A

Posterior midline (90% of cases).

59
Q

What is the primary symptom of an anal fissure?

A

Tearing pain during defecation.

60
Q

What is the treatment for acute anal fissures?

A

High-fiber diet

61
Q

What is the treatment for chronic anal fissures?

A

Lateral internal sphincterotomy.

62
Q

What is a perianal abscess?

A

An infection of the anal glands in the intersphincteric plane.

63
Q

What is the most common type of perianal abscess?

A

Perianal abscess.

64
Q

What is the treatment for a perianal abscess?

A

Incision and drainage.

65
Q

What is a fistula-in-ano?

A

An abnormal communication between the anal canal and the perianal skin.

66
Q

What is the most common cause of fistula-in-ano?

A

Cryptoglandular infection.

67
Q

What is Goodsall’s rule?

A

Fistulas with an external opening anterior to the anus connect to the internal opening by a short

68
Q

What is the treatment for simple intersphincteric fistulas?

A

Fistulotomy.

69
Q

What is the treatment for high transsphincteric fistulas?

A

Seton placement.

70
Q

What is a seton?

A

A drain placed through a fistula to maintain drainage or induce fibrosis.

71
Q

What is the most common complication of hemorrhoidectomy?

A

Urinary retention.

72
Q

What is the most common complication of anal fissure surgery?

A

Incontinence to flatus.

73
Q

What is the most common symptom of a perianal abscess?

A

Severe anal pain.

74
Q

What is the most common symptom of fistula-in-ano?

A

Recurrent perianal discharge.

75
Q

What is the most common cause of perianal sepsis?

A

Cryptoglandular infection.

76
Q

What is the treatment for ischiorectal abscesses?

A

Incision and drainage through the overlying skin.

77
Q

What is the treatment for supralevator abscesses?

A

Drainage through the rectum or ischiorectal fossa

78
Q

What is the most common symptom of thrombosed external hemorrhoids?

79
Q

What is the most common symptom of chronic anal fissures?

A

Persistent pain and bleeding.

80
Q

What is the most common symptom of perianal abscesses?

A

Pain and swelling in the perianal region.

81
Q

What is the most common symptom of fistula-in-ano?

A

Recurrent perianal discharge and pain.

82
Q

What is the most common complication of fistula surgery?

A

Recurrence.

83
Q

What is the most common complication of perianal abscess drainage?

A

Recurrence or fistula formation.

84
Q

What is the most common cause of anal fissures?

A

Trauma from hard stool or prolonged diarrhea.

85
Q

What is the most common cause of perianal abscesses?

A

Infection of the anal glands.

86
Q

What is the most common cause of fistula-in-ano?

A

Cryptoglandular infection.

87
Q

What is the most common treatment for acute anal fissures?

A

Conservative management (fiber

88
Q

What is the most common treatment for chronic anal fissures?

A

Lateral internal sphincterotomy.

89
Q

What is the most common treatment for perianal abscesses?

A

Incision and drainage.

90
Q

What is the most common treatment for fistula-in-ano?

A

Fistulotomy or seton placement.

91
Q

What is the most common complication of hemorrhoidectomy?

A

Urinary retention.

92
Q

What is the most common complication of anal fissure surgery?

A

Incontinence to flatus.

93
Q

What is the most common complication of perianal abscess drainage?

A

Recurrence or fistula formation.

94
Q

What is the most common complication of fistula surgery?

A

Recurrence.

Surgery (16 decks)

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