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Hemorroids Flashcards

1
Q

What are hemorrhoids?

A

Downward displacement of cushions of submucosal tissue containing venules

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2
Q

What are the common locations of hemorrhoidal cushions?

A

3

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3
Q

What is the function of hemorrhoidal cushions?

A

They aid in continence and complete closure of the anal canal at rest.

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4
Q

What is the most common symptom of internal hemorrhoids?

A

Painless bleeding during bowel movements.

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5
Q

What is the most common symptom of external hemorrhoids?

A

Pain due to thrombosis.

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6
Q

What is the treatment for first-degree hemorrhoids?

A

Conservative management (fiber diet

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7
Q

What is the treatment for second-degree hemorrhoids?

A

Rubber band ligation or sclerotherapy.

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8
Q

What is the treatment for third-degree hemorrhoids?

A

Surgical hemorrhoidectomy.

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9
Q

What is the treatment for thrombosed external hemorrhoids?

A

Elliptical excision under local anesthesia.

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10
Q

What is an anal fissure?

A

A tear in the anoderm distal to the dentate line.

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11
Q

What is the most common location of anal fissures?

A

Posterior midline (90% of cases).

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12
Q

What is the primary symptom of an anal fissure?

A

Tearing pain during defecation.

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13
Q

What is the treatment for acute anal fissures?

A

High-fiber diet

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14
Q

What is the treatment for chronic anal fissures?

A

Lateral internal sphincterotomy.

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15
Q

What is a perianal abscess?

A

An infection of the anal glands in the intersphincteric plane.

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16
Q

What is the most common type of perianal abscess?

A

Perianal abscess.

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17
Q

What is the treatment for a perianal abscess?

A

Incision and drainage.

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18
Q

What is a fistula-in-ano?

A

An abnormal communication between the anal canal and the perianal skin.

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19
Q

What is the most common cause of fistula-in-ano?

A

Cryptoglandular infection.

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20
Q

What is Goodsall’s rule?

A

Fistulas with an external opening anterior to the anus connect to the internal opening by a short

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21
Q

What is the treatment for simple intersphincteric fistulas?

A

Fistulotomy.

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22
Q

What is the treatment for high transsphincteric fistulas?

A

Seton placement.

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23
Q

What is a seton?

A

A drain placed through a fistula to maintain drainage or induce fibrosis.

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24
Q

What is the most common complication of hemorrhoidectomy?

A

Urinary retention.

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25
What is the most common complication of anal fissure surgery?
Incontinence to flatus.
26
What is the most common symptom of a perianal abscess?
Severe anal pain.
27
What is the most common symptom of fistula-in-ano?
Recurrent perianal discharge.
28
What is the most common cause of perianal sepsis?
Cryptoglandular infection.
29
What is the treatment for ischiorectal abscesses?
Incision and drainage through the overlying skin.
30
What is the treatment for supralevator abscesses?
Drainage through the rectum or ischiorectal fossa
31
What is the most common symptom of thrombosed external hemorrhoids?
Acute
32
What is the most common symptom of chronic anal fissures?
Persistent pain and bleeding.
33
What is the most common symptom of perianal abscesses?
Pain and swelling in the perianal region.
34
What is the most common symptom of fistula-in-ano?
Recurrent perianal discharge and pain.
35
What is the most common complication of fistula surgery?
Recurrence.
36
What is the most common complication of perianal abscess drainage?
Recurrence or fistula formation.
37
What is the most common cause of anal fissures?
Trauma from hard stool or prolonged diarrhea.
38
What is the most common cause of perianal abscesses?
Infection of the anal glands.
39
What is the most common cause of fistula-in-ano?
Cryptoglandular infection.
40
What is the most common treatment for acute anal fissures?
Conservative management (fiber
41
What is the most common treatment for chronic anal fissures?
Lateral internal sphincterotomy.
42
What is the most common treatment for perianal abscesses?
Incision and drainage.
43
What is the most common treatment for fistula-in-ano?
Fistulotomy or seton placement.
44
What is the most common complication of hemorrhoidectomy?
Urinary retention.
45
What is the most common complication of anal fissure surgery?
Incontinence to flatus.
46
What is the most common complication of perianal abscess drainage?
Recurrence or fistula formation.
47
What is the most common complication of fistula surgery?
Recurrence.
48
What are hemorrhoids?
Downward displacement of cushions of submucosal tissue containing venules
49
What are the common locations of hemorrhoidal cushions?
3
50
What is the function of hemorrhoidal cushions?
They aid in continence and complete closure of the anal canal at rest.
51
What is the most common symptom of internal hemorrhoids?
Painless bleeding during bowel movements.
52
What is the most common symptom of external hemorrhoids?
Pain due to thrombosis.
53
What is the treatment for first-degree hemorrhoids?
Conservative management (fiber diet
54
What is the treatment for second-degree hemorrhoids?
Rubber band ligation or sclerotherapy.
55
What is the treatment for third-degree hemorrhoids?
Surgical hemorrhoidectomy.
56
What is the treatment for thrombosed external hemorrhoids?
Elliptical excision under local anesthesia.
57
What is an anal fissure?
A tear in the anoderm distal to the dentate line.
58
What is the most common location of anal fissures?
Posterior midline (90% of cases).
59
What is the primary symptom of an anal fissure?
Tearing pain during defecation.
60
What is the treatment for acute anal fissures?
High-fiber diet
61
What is the treatment for chronic anal fissures?
Lateral internal sphincterotomy.
62
What is a perianal abscess?
An infection of the anal glands in the intersphincteric plane.
63
What is the most common type of perianal abscess?
Perianal abscess.
64
What is the treatment for a perianal abscess?
Incision and drainage.
65
What is a fistula-in-ano?
An abnormal communication between the anal canal and the perianal skin.
66
What is the most common cause of fistula-in-ano?
Cryptoglandular infection.
67
What is Goodsall's rule?
Fistulas with an external opening anterior to the anus connect to the internal opening by a short
68
What is the treatment for simple intersphincteric fistulas?
Fistulotomy.
69
What is the treatment for high transsphincteric fistulas?
Seton placement.
70
What is a seton?
A drain placed through a fistula to maintain drainage or induce fibrosis.
71
What is the most common complication of hemorrhoidectomy?
Urinary retention.
72
What is the most common complication of anal fissure surgery?
Incontinence to flatus.
73
What is the most common symptom of a perianal abscess?
Severe anal pain.
74
What is the most common symptom of fistula-in-ano?
Recurrent perianal discharge.
75
What is the most common cause of perianal sepsis?
Cryptoglandular infection.
76
What is the treatment for ischiorectal abscesses?
Incision and drainage through the overlying skin.
77
What is the treatment for supralevator abscesses?
Drainage through the rectum or ischiorectal fossa
78
What is the most common symptom of thrombosed external hemorrhoids?
Acute
79
What is the most common symptom of chronic anal fissures?
Persistent pain and bleeding.
80
What is the most common symptom of perianal abscesses?
Pain and swelling in the perianal region.
81
What is the most common symptom of fistula-in-ano?
Recurrent perianal discharge and pain.
82
What is the most common complication of fistula surgery?
Recurrence.
83
What is the most common complication of perianal abscess drainage?
Recurrence or fistula formation.
84
What is the most common cause of anal fissures?
Trauma from hard stool or prolonged diarrhea.
85
What is the most common cause of perianal abscesses?
Infection of the anal glands.
86
What is the most common cause of fistula-in-ano?
Cryptoglandular infection.
87
What is the most common treatment for acute anal fissures?
Conservative management (fiber
88
What is the most common treatment for chronic anal fissures?
Lateral internal sphincterotomy.
89
What is the most common treatment for perianal abscesses?
Incision and drainage.
90
What is the most common treatment for fistula-in-ano?
Fistulotomy or seton placement.
91
What is the most common complication of hemorrhoidectomy?
Urinary retention.
92
What is the most common complication of anal fissure surgery?
Incontinence to flatus.
93
What is the most common complication of perianal abscess drainage?
Recurrence or fistula formation.
94
What is the most common complication of fistula surgery?
Recurrence.

Surgery (16 decks)

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