Crc

Question 1

What is the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract?

Answer 1

Colorectal cancer

Question 2

Which gene mutations are commonly associated with classic chromosomal instability in CRC?

Answer 2

APC KRAS p53

Question 3

What is the primary screening method for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)?

Answer 3

Flexible sigmoidoscopy

Question 4

What is the main characteristic of microsatellite instability (MSI) in CRC?

Answer 4

Errors in mismatch repair during DNA replication

Question 5

Which inherited syndrome has a nearly 100% lifetime risk of colorectal cancer by age 50?

Answer 5

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)

Question 6

What is the preferred screening modality for Lynch syndrome?

Answer 6

Colonoscopy every 1-2 years starting at age 20-25

Question 7

What percentage of Lynch syndrome patients develop colorectal cancer?

Answer 7

0.7

Question 8

What is the Amsterdam II criteria used for?

Answer 8

Diagnosing Lynch syndrome

Question 9

Which colorectal cancer screening test has 92% sensitivity for detecting CRC?

Answer 9

Stool DNA test

Question 10

What imaging modality is most accurate for colorectal cancer diagnosis?

Answer 10

Colonoscopy

Question 11

What is the gold standard for CRC staging?

Answer 11

TNM staging

Question 12

What is the first-line treatment for localized colorectal cancer?

Answer 12

Surgical resection

Question 13

What is the recommended surgical margin for colonic cancer resection?

Answer 13

5 cm

Question 14

Which adjuvant chemotherapy regimen is used for Stage III CRC?

Answer 14

FOLFOX (5-FU leucovorin oxaliplatin)

Question 15

What is the most common site of CRC metastasis?

Answer 15

Liver

Question 16

Which rectal cancer stage benefits from neoadjuvant chemoradiation?

Answer 16

Stage II and III

Question 17

What is the most common histological type of colorectal cancer?

Answer 17

Adenocarcinoma

Question 18

What is the role of CEA in colorectal cancer?

Answer 18

Tumor marker for prognosis and recurrence monitoring

Question 19

What is the recommended follow-up for CRC post-surgery?

Answer 19

Colonoscopy at 1 year

Question 20

What is the treatment for T1 rectal cancer in a medically unfit patient?

Answer 20

Local excision

Question 21

What is the principle of total mesorectal excision (TME)?

Answer 21

Complete removal of mesorectal tissue to reduce recurrence

Question 22

What is the survival benefit of metastatic CRC resection?

Answer 22

Can improve survival in selected liver/lung metastases

Question 23

What is the treatment of choice for a patient with CRC obstruction?

Answer 23

Diverting colostomy or resection

Question 24

What is the main difference in tumor spread between colonic and rectal cancer?

Answer 24

Rectal cancer has more local invasion risk

Question 25

What is the role of PET-CT in CRC staging?

Answer 25

Detects distant metastases

Question 26

What is the common site for lymph node metastasis in rectal cancer?

Answer 26

Mesorectal lymph nodes

Question 27

What is the surgical treatment for FAP?

Answer 27

Proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis

Question 28

What is the major dietary risk factor for CRC?

Answer 28

High intake of saturated fats

Question 29

Which polyps have the highest malignant potential?

Answer 29

Villous adenomas

Question 30

What is the characteristic feature of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome?

Answer 30

Hamartomatous polyps with mucocutaneous pigmentation

Question 31

Which CRC subtype has a better prognosis despite advanced stage?

Answer 31

MSI-high tumors

Question 32

What is the mainstay of CRC chemotherapy?

Answer 32

5-Fluorouracil-based regimens

Question 33

What does a positive FOBT indicate?

Answer 33

Possible colorectal neoplasm needs colonoscopy

Question 34

Which imaging modality is used for preoperative rectal cancer staging?

Answer 34

MRI

Question 35

What is the first-line treatment for Stage I rectal cancer?

Answer 35

Radical surgical resection

Question 36

Which inherited CRC syndrome has extracolonic malignancies?

Answer 36

Lynch syndrome

Question 37

Which polyposis syndrome has the highest risk for CRC?

Answer 37

FAP

Question 38

What surgical approach is preferred for left-sided CRC?

Answer 38

Low anterior resection

Question 39

Which genetic mutation is most common in sporadic CRC?

Answer 39

APC mutation

Question 40

Which molecular marker predicts poor response to anti-EGFR therapy?

Answer 40

KRAS mutation

Question 41

What is the prognosis of CRC with peritoneal carcinomatosis?

Answer 41

Poor

Question 42

What is the primary method for CRC metastasis detection?

Answer 42

CT scan of chest

Question 43

What is the best screening strategy for an average-risk individual?

Answer 43

Colonoscopy every 10 years starting at age 50

Question 44

What is the next step if a patient has a positive FIT test?

Answer 44

Colonoscopy

Question 45

Which polyp type should always be removed due to malignancy risk?

Answer 45

Sessile serrated adenomas

Question 46

Which chemotherapy agent is used in metastatic CRC with VEGF inhibitors?

Answer 46

Bevacizumab

Question 47

What is the recommended surgical margin for rectal cancer resection?

Answer 47

2 cm

Question 48

What is the common treatment for Stage IV CRC with liver metastases?

Answer 48

Systemic chemotherapy with potential resection

Question 49

What is the effect of aspirin on CRC prevention?

Answer 49

Reduces CRC risk by inhibiting COX-2

Question 50

What is the treatment for a patient with synchronous CRC tumors?

Answer 50

Segmental colectomy