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Fluid And El Flashcards

1
Q

Q: What is the primary goal of maintenance fluid therapy?

A

A: Provide daily fluid and electrolyte requirements for normal metabolism and growth.

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2
Q

Q: What is the typical maintenance fluid requirement for a term infant on day 1?

A

A: 60-70 mL/kg.

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3
Q

Q: What is the typical maintenance fluid requirement for a preterm infant on day 1?

A

A: 70-80 mL/kg.

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4
Q

Q: What is the recommended fluid of choice for a euvolemic child who is NPO?

A

A: D5 1/2NS + 20 mEq/L KCl.

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5
Q

Q: What is the typical replacement fluid for third space losses in abdominal surgery?

A

A: 6-10 mL/kg/hr.

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6
Q

Q: What is the first step in managing dehydration?

A

A: Assess the degree of dehydration.

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7
Q

Q: What is the typical oral rehydration solution for mild to moderate dehydration?

A

A: 45-75 mEq/L of Na+

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8
Q

Q: What is the typical IV fluid bolus for severe dehydration?

A

A: 20 mL/kg of isotonic fluid.

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9
Q

Q: What is the typical correction rate for hypernatremic dehydration?

A

A: 50% of the deficit over 12-24 hours.

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10
Q

Q: What is the typical correction rate for hyponatremic dehydration?

A

A: 50% of the deficit over 8 hours.

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11
Q

Q: What is the typical management for hyperkalemia with ECG changes?

A

A: 10% calcium gluconate and insulin-glucose infusion.

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12
Q

Q: What is the typical management for hypokalemia?

A

A: Oral or IV potassium replacement.

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13
Q

Q: What is the typical management for hypocalcemia?

A

A: IV calcium gluconate or calcium chloride.

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14
Q

Q: What is the typical management for hypercalcemia?

A

A: Hydration with NS and loop diuretics.

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15
Q

Q: What is the typical management for hypomagnesemia?

A

A: IV or IM magnesium sulfate.

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16
Q

Q: What is the typical maintenance fluid requirement for a term infant by day 3?

A

A: 100-120 mL/kg.

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17
Q

Q: What is the typical maintenance fluid requirement for a preterm infant by day 3?

A

A: 150 mL/kg.

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18
Q

Q: What is the typical glucose concentration in maintenance fluids?

A

A: 5% dextrose.

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19
Q

Q: What is the typical sodium requirement in maintenance fluids?

A

A: 3 mEq/kg/day.

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20
Q

Q: What is the typical potassium requirement in maintenance fluids?

A

A: 2 mEq/kg/day.

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21
Q

Q: What is the typical replacement fluid for GI losses?

A

A: Solution with similar electrolyte concentration.

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22
Q

Q: What is the typical replacement fluid for surgical drain losses?

A

A: Solution with similar electrolyte concentration.

23
Q

Q: What is the typical replacement fluid for third space losses in extremity surgery?

A

A: 1-2 mL/kg/hr.

24
Q

Q: What is the typical replacement fluid for third space losses in minor surgeries?

A

A: 3-5 mL/kg/hr.

25
Q: What is the typical replacement fluid for third space losses in thoracic surgeries?
A: 6-10 mL/kg/hr.
26
Q: What is the typical management for isonatremic dehydration?
A: D5 1/2 NS over 24 hours.
27
Q: What is the typical management for hyponatremic dehydration?
A: D5 NS over 24 hours.
28
Q: What is the typical management for hypernatremic dehydration?
A: D5 1/2 NS over 48 hours.
29
Q: What is the typical management for mild hypokalemia?
A: Oral potassium 1-2 mEq/kg every few hours.
30
Q: What is the typical management for severe hypokalemia?
A: IV KCl 0.5-1 mEq/kg over 1-4 hours.
31
Q: What is the typical management for acute hypocalcemia?
A: IV calcium gluconate or calcium chloride.
32
Q: What is the typical management for chronic hypocalcemia?
A: Dietary calcium and vitamin D supplementation.
33
Q: What is the typical management for hypercalcemia?
A: Hydration with NS and loop diuretics.
34
Q: What is the typical management for hypomagnesemia?
A: IV or IM magnesium sulfate.
35
Q: What is the typical management for hypermagnesemia?
A: Respiratory support.
36
Q: What is the typical management for perioperative fluid management?
A: MF + preoperative FD + third space losses + EBL.
37
Q: What is the typical management for intraoperative fluid management?
A: Isotonic fluids with 5% glucose for infants.
38
Q: What is the typical management for postoperative fluid management?
A: MF + preoperative or intraoperative FD + ongoing losses.
39
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in neonates?
A: 10% dextrose water for up to 48 hours.
40
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in surgical patients?
A: Isotonic fluids intraoperatively and 6-8 hours postoperatively.
41
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in dehydration?
A: Rapid expansion of IV volume and replenish deficits.
42
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in hypernatremic dehydration?
A: D5 1/2 NS over 48 hours.
43
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in hyponatremic dehydration?
A: D5 NS over 24 hours.
44
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in isonatremic dehydration?
A: D5 1/2 NS over 24 hours.
45
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in severe dehydration?
A: 20 mL/kg bolus of isotonic fluid.
46
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in mild to moderate dehydration?
A: Oral rehydration solution.
47
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in hyperkalemia?
A: Calcium gluconate
48
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in hypokalemia?
A: Oral or IV potassium replacement.
49
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in hypocalcemia?
A: IV calcium gluconate or calcium chloride.
50
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in hypercalcemia?
A: Hydration with NS and loop diuretics.
51
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in hypomagnesemia?
A: IV or IM magnesium sulfate.
52
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in hypermagnesemia?
A: Respiratory support.
53
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in perioperative patients?
A: MF + preoperative FD + third space losses + EBL.
54
Q: What is the typical management for fluid therapy in intraoperative patients?
A: Isot

Surgery (16 decks)

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