Hemorrhage

Question 1

Hemorrhage definition

Answer 1

Escape of blood from blood vessels

Question 2

Types of hemorrhages

Answer 2

Cardiac
Arterial
Capillary
Venous

Question 3

When do capillary bleeding occur

Answer 3

When chronic congestion

Question 4

What can cause rupture of large artery or vein

Answer 4

Trauma
Astherosclerosis
Erosion of vessel wall due to inflammation of neoplasm

Question 5

Haematoma

Answer 5

Accumulation of blood in tissue

Question 6

Petechia

Answer 6

Minute 1-2 mm hemorrhage in skin, mucous membrane or serosal surface

Question 7

Manifestation of petechiae

Answer 7

Thrombocytopenia
Local Increased intravascular pressure
Clotting factor deficit

Question 8

Purpura

Answer 8

Larger - 3mm hemorrhage

Question 9

Ecchymoses

Answer 9

Larger subcutaneous haematomas (1-2cm)

Seen after trauma

Question 10

Color of ecchymoses

Answer 10

Blue green due to bilirubin
Gold brown due to hemosiderin

Jaundice sometimes because of bilirubin

Question 11

Some clinical manifestions of bleeding

Answer 11

Haematuria 
Haematemesis 
Haematochezia ( rectum bleed)
Malaena ( black blood in stool from upper GIT bleeding ) 
Epistaxis ( nose bleed)
Haemoptysis ( lung bleeding) 
Mennhoragia ( heavy menstrual bleed)
Metrotrhagia ( uterine bleed)