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KSUCPM PAD > HEENT > Flashcards

HEENT Flashcards

1
Q

fine hair indicates? hyperthyroid and hypothyroid

A

hyperthyroid

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2
Q

coarse hair indicates? hyperthyroid and hypothyroid

A

hypothyroid

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3
Q

what could indicate redness and swelling on the scalp?

A

seborrheic dermatitis psoriasis

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4
Q

what could indicate soft lumps, pigmented navi on the scalp?

A

pillar cysts

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5
Q

if the skull is large what could this indicate?

A

hydrocephaly and Pigat’s disease

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6
Q

absence of glow may suggest thickened mucosa or absence of sinuses on the skull?

A

transillumination of sinuses

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7
Q

increased adrenal cortisol, round or moon face

A

Cushing’s syndrome

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8
Q

edematous and pale, swelling first around the eyes

A

nephrotic syndrome

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9
Q

severe hypothyroidism resulting in dull, puffy faces, hair is dry, coarse and thinned

A

myxedema

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10
Q

chronic bilateral asymptomatic parotid gland swelling is seen anterior to ear and above the jaw, associated with obesity, diabetes, cirrhosis

unilateral

acute

A

parotid gland enlargement

neoplasm

mumps

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11
Q

increased growth hormone leads to enlargement of bone and soft tissue with elongated head, coarsened facial features

A

acromegaly

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12
Q

decreased facial mobility and blinking leads to blunted expression

A

parkinson’s disease

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13
Q

examples of primary headaches?

A

migraines(unilateral), tension(bilateral), cluster(unilateral), chronic daily

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14
Q

examples of secondary headaches?

A

underlying structural, systemic, or infectious causes (meningitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, analgesic rebound, sinusitis, tumor, concussion)

thunderclap headaches

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15
Q

maximal intensity over several minutes and present in 70% of people with subarachnoid hemorrhage?

A

thunderclap headache

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16
Q

CN VII, paralyses entire side, opposite side

what type of lesion is this?

A

peripheral lesion

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17
Q

CN VII, occurs in the upper motor neuron system between cortex and pons (CVA), top still functions

A

central lesion

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18
Q

name this issue with vision?

farsightedness

A

hyperopia

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19
Q

name this issue with vision?

aging vision, impaired near vision

A

presbyopia

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20
Q

name this issue with vision?

nearsightedness

A

myopia

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21
Q

name this issue with vision?

double vision, brainstem or cerebellum lesion, both eyes, one eye us problem with cornea or lens

A

diplopia

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22
Q

this is the chart used to rate vision? like measure 20/20 vision

A

Snellen Eye Chart

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23
Q

painful unilateral vision loss?

A

corneal ulcer, acute glaucoma

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24
Q

painless unilateral vision loss?

A

virteous hemorrhage, macular degeneration

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25
Q

what is the leading cause of bilateral vision loss?

A

open angle glaucoma

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26
Q

this type of bilateral vision loss increases intraocular pressure and blockage of aqueous humor?

A

narrow angle glaucoma

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27
Q

in terms of visual field defects this one in particular results in losing half of ones vision (lower half)?

A

horizontal defects affecting the central retinal artery

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28
Q

in the visual field defects this condition is when there is a lesion on the optic nerve?

A

blind right eye

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29
Q

in the visual field defects, this condition happens when there is a lesion on the chiasm and you lose the temporal half of each visual field and this involves fibers that are crossing over

A

bitemporal hemianopia

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30
Q

in this visual field defect we see damage to the right optic tract after the chiasm and losing the left half of both visual fields

A

left homonymous hemianopsia

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31
Q

this is a medical condition of the pupils in which there are dilated pupils fixed to light, ptosis present and lateral deviation present

A

CNIII paralysis

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32
Q

this is a medical condition of the pupils in which there are small pupils, reactions to light and near effort, ptosis present, with possible loss of swelling

A

Horner’s syndrome

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33
Q

this is a medical condition of the pupils in which they are small, irregular and accommodate but do not react to light- CNS syphilis

A

Argyll Pobertson

34
Q

this is a medical condition of the pupils in which the light into the seeing eye will have a direct and consensual reaction, light into the blind eye with no reaction

A

one blind eye

35
Q

this is dropping of the upper lid caused by myasthenia gravis, CN III damage, Horner’s Syndrome or congenital

A

Ptosis

36
Q

these eyelids are more common in the elderly, inward turning of lid at margin, lower lids turn in and irritate eye

A

entropian

37
Q

this medical condition is seen in the elderly, margin of lower lid turned out, exposes the palpebral conjunctiva and eye no longer drains well

A

ectropion

38
Q

this is the medical condition of the eyelids when there is a wide eyed stare, retracted lids, protruding eyeball related to graves disease (60%)

A

exopthalmos

39
Q

lump and swelling of the eye in which there is a harmless yellowish triangle node in the bulbar conjunctiva, occurs with aging

A

pinguecula

40
Q

lump and swelling of the eye in which there is a localized ocular inflammation of episleral vessels causing rheumatoid arthritis and herpes

A

episcleritis

41
Q

this is a lump and swelling of the eye characterized as a painful, tendon, red infection in the gland at the margin of the eyelid

A

sty

42
Q

subacute, contender, blocked melbomian gland

A

chalazion

43
Q

slightly raised, yellow plaques along the nasal portion of the lid

A

xanthelasma

44
Q

inflammation of the lacrimal sac, swelling between eyelid and nose painful red and tender leading to discharge of mucopurulent fluid

A

dacryocystitis

45
Q

redness tends to be maximal peripherally, mild discomfort,

vision not effected, highly contagious

A

Conjunctivitis-

46
Q

leakage of blood outside vessels, sharply

demarcated, no pain, vision not effected, may be from trauma or cough

A

Subconjunctival Hemorrhage

47
Q

think grayish white arc or circle near edge of cornea- sually benignmay
suggest hyperlipoproteinema in young people

A

Corneal Arcus

48
Q

moderate to severe pain, decreased vision, watery

discharge, from abrasion or infection

A

Corneal Injury/Infection

49
Q

superficial grayish white opacity in cornea due to injury or infection, this is a type of corneal injury/infection

A

Corneal scar

50
Q

trianglular thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva that grows across the
outer surface of the cornea

A

Pterygium

51
Q

opacities on the lenses visible through the pupil

A

cataracts

52
Q

this is a type cataract that produces spokelike shadows

A

peripheral cataract

53
Q

moderate aching pain, small irregular pupil, decreased vision, from
herpes or TB

A

Acute Iritis

54
Q

severe pain, decreased vision, dialated pupil,

from increased intraocular pressure

A

Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma

55
Q

golden to red brown ring from copper deposition- Wilson’s disease (ATO7B mutation on chromosome 13)

A

Kayser-Fleischer Ring

56
Q

inner ear, cochlear nerve, central connections to brain- may complain others mumble

A

Sensorineural loss

57
Q

lateralizes to good ear, a type of sensorineural loss?

A

weber

58
Q

air longer than bone, a type of sensorineural loss?

Hereditary, presbycusis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, Meniere’s

A

rinne

59
Q

results from problems with external or middle ear- children and
young adults- may get better in noisy environment

A

Conductive loss

60
Q

this is a type of conductive loss in which it lateralizes to the impaired ear?

A

weber

61
Q

this is a type of conductive loss in which the bone is longer than air

Trauma, tumor, perforated tympanic membrane, congenital

A

rinne

62
Q

pain in the ear:

pain in external canal- tug test- canal is swollen, narrows, moist
and pale

A

Otitis externa

63
Q

pain in the ear:

middle ear, may come with respiratory infection – tenderness
behind the ear, red bulging ear drum, serous effusion

A

Otitis media

64
Q

usually soft wax, debris, or rash, discharge through perforated eardrum

A

Chronic Otitis Media

65
Q

nontender nodular swellings covered by normal skin deep in ear- may obsure the eardrum

A

Exostoses

66
Q

percieved sound with no external stimuli- frequency increased with age, associated with hearing loss and vertigo- suggest Meniere’s disease

A

Tinnitus

67
Q

perception that patient or environment is spinning- problem with labyrinths, CN VIII lesions, or lesions- benign perisitonal vertigo, labyrinthitis, Meniere’s disease

A

Vertigo

68
Q

feeling as though you may pass out- from arrhythmia, orthostatic
hypertension, vasovagal stimulation

A

Presyncope

69
Q

feeling unsteady or losing balance

A

Disequilibrium

70
Q

firm, nodular- hypertrophic mass of scar tissue, most common shoulder and upper chest

A

Keloid

71
Q

chronic inflammatory lesion, starts as tender papule on helix or antihelix

A

Chondrodermatitis Hilicis

72
Q

deposit of uric acid crystals- chronic gout- hard nodules on helix or
antihelix, may have chalky discharge, also may appear near joints

A

Tophi

73
Q

raised nodule with lustrous surface and telangiectatic

vessels, common slow growing malignancy, rarely metastasizes, may have ulceration- overexposure to sunlight

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

74
Q

sebaceous cyst- dome shaped firm lump

A

Cutaneous Cyst

75
Q

chronic rheumatoid arthritis, small lumps on helix or antihelix
with additional nodules on hands or ulna, ulceration may result

A

Rheumatoid Nodule

76
Q

eardrum is pinkish gray, can see malleus and incus

A

normal ear drum

77
Q

hole in eardrum, from infection of middle ear

A

Perforation

78
Q

chalky white patch on eardrum- deposit of hyaline materialsevere
otitis media

A

Tympanosclerosis

79
Q

usually caused by viral upper respiratory infection, change in
pressure, otitis media- air is absorbed and fluid accumulates instead- symptoms are fullness, popping, mild conductive hearing loss- amber fluid behind eardrum with airbubbles

A

Serous Effusion

80
Q

earache, fever, conductive hearing loss red eardrum, loss of landmarks, and bulging eardrum- more common in children

A

Acute Otitis Media with Purulent Effusion

81
Q

painful hemorrhagic vesicles on tympanic membrane or ear
canal- symptoms earache, bloody discharge, conductive hearing loss- from otitis
media

A

Bullous Myringitis

KSUCPM PAD (37 decks)

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