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Toxicology > Heavy metals > Flashcards

Heavy metals Flashcards

1
Q

Lewisite metal

A

Arsenic

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2
Q

This is for treatment of syphilis

A

Arsenic (Asphernamine, Salvarsan, 606)

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3
Q

Arsenic is the result of

A

Hyperkeratosis & hyperpigmentation

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4
Q

Arsenic causing what kind of disease __

A

Black foot disease

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5
Q

Just read

Arsenic is a protoplasmic poison
Choice of professional poisoners

A
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6
Q

Arsenic moa

A

Coagulation of protein by binding to -SH groups

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7
Q

Arsenic signs and symptoms

A

Mee’s lie (white lines in nails), Abnormal weight gain, Watery diarrhea, Mily/rosy complexion, Garlic odor of breath, Luminous vitous, Alopecia, Backline on gums/bleeding gums, “raindrop pattern of hyperpigmentation & hyperkeratosis

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8
Q

Arsenic treatment

A

BAL/ Dimercaprol (+Penicillamine if severe)

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9
Q

Causing Itai-Itai disease

A

Cadmium

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9
Q

Sources of cadmium

A

Anti-dandruff shampoos, smoke & stink bamboo, solder (metal alloys)

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10
Q

cadmium signs and symptoms

A

Osteomalacia, Fractures, Renal abnormalities, Gait disturbances

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11
Q

Cadmium treatment

A

EDTA (for acute ingestion)

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12
Q

type of metal poisoning caused by lead in the body

A

Plumbism

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13
Q

Most ubiquitous of the toxic metals exposure may be through air, water, or food sources

A

Lead

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14
Q

Lead primary target

A

Hematopoietic system and nervous system

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15
Q

Factors predisposing to increased Lead absorption

A

Decreasing dietary calcium
Iron deficiency
Ingestion of an empty stomach

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16
Q

Pharmacokinetics of lead

A

Lead can cross to placenta
Young children have a greater degree of absorption of ingested lead than adults
Primary excretion is through urine

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17
Q

Primary repository site of inorganic lead in the body of an adult

A

Skeletal muscle (Bone)

18
Q

Lead sources

A

Canned goods, automobile exhaust, wine glasses, old pipes, cables, paints

19
Q

Lead MOA

A

Inhibits cytochrome, inhibits heme synthesis (decrease oxygen consumption)

20
Q

Lead treatment

A

Penicillamine, BAL, EDTA

21
Q

Mercury aka

A

Quicksilver (Messenger of the Gods)

22
Q

Mercury causes what disease

A

Minimata disease (mercury poisoning)

23
Q

Mercury can be acquired through consumption of __

A

fish and shellfish

24
Q

Mercury MOA

A

Coagulation of protein by binding to -SH groups

25
Q

Mercury signs and symproms

A

Acrodinia
Gingivitis
Erethism

26
Q

Mercury treatment antidote of choice

A

Na Formaldehyde Sulfoximate

27
Q

Mercury treatment for high level of exposure

A

BAL

28
Q

Mercury treatment for low level of exposure

A

penicillamine

29
Q

This may diminish nephrotoxicity that may result from acute exposure to inorganic Mercury

A

Chelation with Unithiol

30
Q

Three types of Mercury

A

Elemental mercury
Inorganic mercury
Organic mercury

31
Q

Thermometer, Sphygmomameter

A

Elemental mercury

32
Q

Hg2Cl2 (mercury chloride), Calomer HgCl2 - Corrosive sublimate

A

Inorganic mercury

33
Q

Thimerosal-old Benzalkonium Chloride- new (Methiolate)

A

Organic mercury

34
Q

A highly toxic form of Mercury that causes Minimata disease

A

Methylmercury

35
Q

For hemoglobin and myoglobin production

A

Iron

36
Q

The most common consistent manifestation of an acute overdose of iron in children

A

Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis

37
Q

Iron causes of toxicity

A

Overingestion of OTC preparations

38
Q

Lethal dose of iron

A

200-300 mg/kg

39
Q

Toxic dose of iron

A

> 600 mg/kg

40
Q

treatment for iron toxicity

A

Deferoxamine/Deferoxime

41
Q

Thallium moa

A

Binds to SH- group

42
Q

Thallium signs and symptoms

A

Gastroenteristis
Alopecia
Paresthesia

Toxicology (13 decks)

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