Heavy metals Flashcards

1
Q

Lewisite metal

A

Arsenic

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2
Q

This is for treatment of syphilis

A

Arsenic (Asphernamine, Salvarsan, 606)

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3
Q

Arsenic is the result of

A

Hyperkeratosis & hyperpigmentation

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4
Q

Arsenic causing what kind of disease __

A

Black foot disease

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5
Q

Just read

Arsenic is a protoplasmic poison
Choice of professional poisoners

A
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6
Q

Arsenic moa

A

Coagulation of protein by binding to -SH groups

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7
Q

Arsenic signs and symptoms

A

Mee’s lie (white lines in nails), Abnormal weight gain, Watery diarrhea, Mily/rosy complexion, Garlic odor of breath, Luminous vitous, Alopecia, Backline on gums/bleeding gums, “raindrop pattern of hyperpigmentation & hyperkeratosis

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8
Q

Arsenic treatment

A

BAL/ Dimercaprol (+Penicillamine if severe)

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9
Q

Causing Itai-Itai disease

A

Cadmium

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9
Q

Sources of cadmium

A

Anti-dandruff shampoos, smoke & stink bamboo, solder (metal alloys)

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10
Q

cadmium signs and symptoms

A

Osteomalacia, Fractures, Renal abnormalities, Gait disturbances

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11
Q

Cadmium treatment

A

EDTA (for acute ingestion)

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12
Q

type of metal poisoning caused by lead in the body

A

Plumbism

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13
Q

Most ubiquitous of the toxic metals exposure may be through air, water, or food sources

A

Lead

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14
Q

Lead primary target

A

Hematopoietic system and nervous system

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15
Q

Factors predisposing to increased Lead absorption

A

Decreasing dietary calcium
Iron deficiency
Ingestion of an empty stomach

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16
Q

Pharmacokinetics of lead

A

Lead can cross to placenta
Young children have a greater degree of absorption of ingested lead than adults
Primary excretion is through urine

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17
Q

Primary repository site of inorganic lead in the body of an adult

A

Skeletal muscle (Bone)

18
Q

Lead sources

A

Canned goods, automobile exhaust, wine glasses, old pipes, cables, paints

19
Q

Lead MOA

A

Inhibits cytochrome, inhibits heme synthesis (decrease oxygen consumption)

20
Q

Lead treatment

A

Penicillamine, BAL, EDTA

21
Q

Mercury aka

A

Quicksilver (Messenger of the Gods)

22
Q

Mercury causes what disease

A

Minimata disease (mercury poisoning)

23
Q

Mercury can be acquired through consumption of __

A

fish and shellfish

24
Mercury MOA
Coagulation of protein by binding to -SH groups
25
Mercury signs and symproms
Acrodinia Gingivitis Erethism
26
Mercury treatment antidote of choice
Na Formaldehyde Sulfoximate
27
Mercury treatment for high level of exposure
BAL
28
Mercury treatment for low level of exposure
penicillamine
29
This may diminish nephrotoxicity that may result from acute exposure to inorganic Mercury
Chelation with Unithiol
30
Three types of Mercury
Elemental mercury Inorganic mercury Organic mercury
31
Thermometer, Sphygmomameter
Elemental mercury
32
Hg2Cl2 (mercury chloride), Calomer HgCl2 - Corrosive sublimate
Inorganic mercury
33
Thimerosal-old Benzalkonium Chloride- new (Methiolate)
Organic mercury
34
A highly toxic form of Mercury that causes Minimata disease
Methylmercury
35
For hemoglobin and myoglobin production
Iron
36
The most common consistent manifestation of an acute overdose of iron in children
Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis
37
Iron causes of toxicity
Overingestion of OTC preparations
38
Lethal dose of iron
200-300 mg/kg
39
Toxic dose of iron
>600 mg/kg
40
treatment for iron toxicity
Deferoxamine/Deferoxime
41
Thallium moa
Binds to SH- group
42
Thallium signs and symptoms
Gastroenteristis Alopecia Paresthesia