Heart Sounds Flashcards

1
Q

wt sound should is indicative of Atrial septal defect?

A

split/fixed S2

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2
Q

cause of crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur w soft S2?
3 Symptoms?

A

aortic stenosis

SAD
Syncope
Angina
Dyspnea

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3
Q

2 cause of diastolic ejection murmur?

A

Aortic regurgitation

Mitral stenosis

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4
Q

cause of machine like murmur?

2 associations?

A

Patent ductus arteriousus

Rubella and prematurity

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5
Q

hw should pt be positioned in heart exam?

A

30 degrees

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6
Q

wt is a thrill?

grade?

A

palpable murmur

grade 4 murmur

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7
Q

when and where will a thrill associated with aortic and pulmonary stenosis?

A

Systole

aortic area

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8
Q

when and where will a thrill associated with VSD?

A

systole 4th intercostal space

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9
Q

when and where will a thrill associated with mitral regurgitation be heard?

A

systole

apex/mitral

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10
Q

when and where will a thrill associated with TOF?

A

systole

left lower sternal border

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11
Q

when and where will a thrill associated with PDA?

A

systole

left upper sternal border

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12
Q

when and where will a thrill associated with aortic regurgitation?

A

diastole

right sternal border

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13
Q

when and where will a thrill associated with mitral stenosis?

A

diastole

apex

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14
Q

hw to improve hearing murmur for high pitched sounds?

A

sit up and leaning forward

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15
Q

hw to improve hearing murmur for low pitched sounds?

A

supine in left lateral recumbent

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16
Q

wt side of stethescope for low pitched sounds?

A

bell

17
Q

when is S1 heard?

cause?

A

beg of systole

closure of AV valves

18
Q

when is S2 heard??

cause?

A

end of systole

closure of semilunar valves

19
Q

when is S3 heard?

cause?

A

diastole

passive flow

20
Q

when is S4 heard?

cause?

A

diastole

atrial ejection

21
Q

when is splitting of S1 best heard?

A

expiration

22
Q

when is splitting of S2 best heard?

A

inspiraiton

23
Q

cause of high pitch murmur?

A

VSD

24
Q

cause of low pitch?

A

mitral stenosis

25
Q

murmur from what defect will not be affected by exercise or clenching fist?

A

A stenosis

26
Q

2 murmurs that get louder when sitting, standing or valsalva?
wt will decrease these?

A

HCOM
MVP

raising legs decreases

27
Q

condition w mid-systolic click?

A

MVP

28
Q

condition with rub heart sound?

A

pericarditis

29
Q

condition with snap heart sounds?

A

mitral stenosis

30
Q

wt grade are normal blood vessels?

A

2

31
Q

pulse seen in anxiety?

A

Bounding pulse

32
Q

pulse seen in LV failure?

A

pulsus alternans

33
Q

pulse seen in impaired circulation?

A

pulsus differens