22. HTN

Question 1

3 things lowering blood pressure prevents? order

Answer 1

CHF > Stroke > MI

Question 2

5 compelling indications for tx of HTN?

Answer 2

HF
Diabetes w proteinuria
CAD
Chronic renal insufficiency
CVA

Question 3

does lowering BP prevent stoke or MI better?

Answer 3

Stroke

Question 4

effects of ANP on BP?

Angiotensin II?

Answer 4

ANP - dec BP

AG II - inc BP

Question 5

wt is necessary to maintain hypertension?

Answer 5

altered renal set point

Question 6

pt presents with high BP and low serum potassium,
diagnosis?
cause?
hw to diagnose?

Answer 6

Hyperaldosteroniam

ECF expansion

nonstimulatable renin levels (use diuretic) and nonsupressable aldosterone levels (volume expansion)

Question 7

hw does pheochromocytoma cause HTN?

hw to diagnose?

Answer 7

epi and norepi –> vasoconstriction

measure urine catecholamines followed by CT of abdomen

Question 8

1 cause of hypertension?

Answer 8

primary/essential

Question 9

young female presents with HTN,

diagnosis?

Answer 9

fibromscular dysplasia (renovascular HTN)

Question 10

5 risk factors for atherosclerosis?

Answer 10

smoking
dyslipidemia
age >60
male or postmenopausal female
family history

Question 11

2 drugs to tx uncomplicated HTN?

Answer 11

diuretics, beta blockers

Question 12

2 drugs to tx diabetics w proteinuria with HTN?

Answer 12

ACEI, ARBs

Question 13

drug to tx MI w HTN?

Answer 13

beta blockers

Question 14

2 drugs to tx systolic HF?

Answer 14

ACEI or ARBs

Question 15

hw is malignant hypertension most commonly diagnosed?

Answer 15

retinal exam

Question 16

3 cases where secondary hypertension should be evaluated?

Answer 16

early HTN
HTN w no family history
severe or difficult to control HTN

Question 17

wt is a red flag for hyperaldosteronism?

Answer 17

Hypokalemia w ACE inhibitors

Question 18

when should beta-blockers be used to tx HTN?

Answer 18

if atherosclerosis is evident

Question 19

wt should be included in regimen for HTN in pts with renal failure or heart failure?

Answer 19

ACEIs