25. Cardiac Embryology

Question 1

2 structure that arise form the truncus arteriosus?

Answer 1

aorta (proximal)
pulmonary artery (proximal)

Question 2

structure that arise fromm the primitive ventricle?

Answer 2

trabeculated part of venticles

Question 3

structure that arise from the primitive atria?

Answer 3

trabeculated part of atrias

Question 4

structes that arise from the bulbos cordis?

Answer 4

smooth parts of ventricles

Question 5

2 structures that arise from sinus venosus?

Answer 5

smooth part of right atria

coronary sinus

Question 6

how does the heart normally loop?

Answer 6

right looping resulting in heart being on left side of the chest

Question 7

wt causes patent foramen ovale?

Answer 7

failure of septum primum and segundum to fuse in atria septum

Question 8

3 structures forming membranous ventricular septum?

Answer 8

right bulbar ridge
left bulbar ridge
atrioventricular septum (endocardial cushions)

Question 9

funciton of ductus venosus?
where does it start?
where does it end?

Answer 9

bypass fetal hepatic circulation
umbilical vein
SVC

Question 10

funciton of ductus artiousus?
where does it start?
where does it end?

Answer 10

bypass fetal pulmonary circulation
pulmonary trunk 
descending aorta (distal to subclavian

Question 11

wt develops form the first aortic arch?
second?
third?
forth?
fifth?
sixth?

Answer 11

1- maxillary and external carotid
2- hyoid and stapedial
3- common carotid, internal carotid
4- left forms aortic arch, righ forms subclavian
5- nothing
6- Pulmonary arteries and ductus arteriosus

Question 12

wt abnormal heart development is lethal?

Answer 12

primitive heart tube

Question 13

when is the heart fully developed?

Answer 13

day 50

Question 14

when do endocardial tubes form?

Answer 14

week 2

Question 15

when do paired heart tubes fuse?

Answer 15

week 3

Question 16

when does heart tube elongate and loop?

Answer 16

week 4

Question 17

3 steps of atrial septation?

Answer 17

septum primum grows toward endocardial cushions
ostium secundum forms as ostium primum closes
septum secundum grows to the right of the septum primum inferiorly and anteriorly

Question 18

wt forms the atrioventricular canal?

Answer 18

superior and inferior endocardial cusions

Question 19

wt forms the aorticopulmonary septum?

Answer 19

menchymal cells