Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

TAPP > Heart & Great Vessels (Exam 1) > Flashcards

Heart & Great Vessels (Exam 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Which pericardium is this?
-irregular dense fibrous connective tissue sac continuous with adventitia of great vessels superiorly and central tendon of diaphragm inferiorly

Test q

A

Fibrous pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which pericardium is this?
-serous membranes inside fibrous pericardium surrounding heart
-parietal layer
-pericardial cavity containing pericardial fluid
-visceral layer (epicardium)

Test q

A

Serous pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 3 layers of the heart wall?

Test q

A

1) epicardium (visceral layer of serous pericardium, outer layer of heart wall)
2) myocardium (cardiac muscle, middle layer)
3) endocardium (continuous with tunica interna of blood vessels, inner layer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 cardiac surfaces?

A

1) sternocostal
2) diaphragmatic
3) pulmonary (right and left)

Note: there’s also an apex and base of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the auricles (R/L) of the heart? What is the function?

A

-also called atrial appendages
-ear like conical muscular pouch that arises from each atrium
-functions to increase the capacity of the atrium and also increases the volume of blood that its able to contain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The coronary (atrioventricular) sulcus is a shallow groove on the outer surface of the heart making the division between the…

A

Atria and the ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The left coronary sulcus is marked by the ________________________________ and coronary sinus

A

circumflex branch of the left coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The right coronary sulcus is marked by the location of the….

A

Right coronary artery and small cardiac vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The interventricular sulcus (A,P) are anterior and posterior grooves on the surface of the heart that lie over the interventricular septum and join at the…

A

Apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The great vessels of the superior mediastinum has both arteries and veins. What are the arteries?

A

Aortic arch
-Brachiocephalic trunk (BCT)
»right common carotid artery (CCA)
»right subclavian artery (SC)
-left CCA
-left SC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The great vessels of the superior mediastinum has both arteries and veins. What are the veins?

A

-right and left brachiocephalic veins
-superior vena cava (SVC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the chambers of the heart?

A

L/R atria and L/R ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What atrial features are on the right side of heart?

Test q

A

-auricle
-pectinate muscles
-fossa ovalis
-ostea (openings)
»superior vena cava (SVC)
»IVC
»coronary sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the atrial features of the left side of heart?

Test q

A

-auricle
-pectinate muscles
-ostea (openings)
»4 pulmonary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the ventricular features on the right and left side of heart?

Test q

A

-trabeculae carneae muscles (note he also likes to tag this in lab)
-papillary muscles
-chordae tendonae (tendons)

RIGHT ventricle only
-septomarginal trabeculae (moderator band)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 2 septums of the heart?

Test q

A

1) interatrial septum
2) interventricular septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the 2 atrioventricular (AV) valves of the heart?

Test q

A

1) right AV valve (also known as tricuspid valve)
2) left AV valve (also known as bicuspid valve or mitral valve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 2 semilunar valves of the heart?

Test q

A

1) pulmonary valve (goes to pulmonary trunk)
2) aortic valve (goes to trunk of aorta)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 2 types of heart cells?

A

1) conductive (autorhythmic, or nodal) cells
2) contractile (cardiac muscle) cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which heart cells are a part of the intrinsic conductive system?

A

conductive (autorhythmic, or nodal) cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which heart cells are capable of generating and transmitting rhythmic APs?

A

conductive (autorhythmic, or nodal) cells

22
Q

Are conductive (autorhythmic, or nodal) cells neurons?

A

no

23
Q

Which heart cells are cardiac muscle cells, striated, uninucleated or binucleated, and have intercalated discs?

A

contractile cardiac muscle cells

24
Q

What is the conducting system of the heart?

Test q

A

1) it starts in the R atrium at the sinoatrial (SA) node/pacemaker of the heart
2) bachmann’s bundle (interatrial pathway spreads depolarization from R to L atrium)
3) atrioventricular (AV) node (impulse will be delayed here)
4) atrioventricular (AV) bundle/ bundle of His (goes down to ventricular septum)
5) R/L bundle branches
6) purkinje fibers

25
Q

What is the pacemaker of the heart?

A

SA node

26
Q

What is the pulmonary circuit? What is its function?

test q

A

-blood vessels carry blood to and from lungs
-includes R side of heart
-function= to oxygenate blood

27
Q

What is the systemic circuit? What is its function?

test q

A

-blood vessels carry blood to and from all body tissues
-includes L side of heart
-function= provide nutrients and oxygen and pick up wastes and carbon dioxide

28
Q

What is the deoxygenated blood flow through heart pathway?

test q

A

SVC (upper body), IVC (lower body) and coronary sinus (heart tissue) > R atrium> R AV (tricuspid) valve> R ventricle> pulmonary semilunar valve> pulmonary trunk> R/L pulmonary arteries

R/L pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood to R/L lungs to be oxygenated

29
Q

What is the oxygenated blood flow through heart pathway?

test q

A

R/L pulmonary veins from R/L lungs > L atrium> L AV (bicuspid/ mitral) valve> L ventricle> aortic semilunar valve> aortic trunk (aorta)

aorta carries oxygenated blood to all tissues of the body

30
Q

Which NS is known as fight flight?

test q

A

sympathetic NS

31
Q

Which NS has thoracolumbar outflow from T1-L2 spinal cord segments?

test q

A

sympathetic NS

32
Q

How does sympathtic NS affect the heart?

test q

A

heart rate increases

33
Q

The superior cervical sympathetic ganglia goes to the _______________________ ganglia

test q

A

T4 sympathetic chain

34
Q

Which NS is known as rest and digest?

A

parasympathetic NS

35
Q

Which NS has craniosacral outflow with CN III, VII, IX, and X, and sacral S2-S4 spinal cord segments?

Test q

A

parasympathetic NS

36
Q

How does parasympathetic NS affect heart rate?

Test q

A

decreases heart rate

37
Q

CN X, vagus n., is a part of what plexi?

A

cardiac plexi

38
Q

Which node spontaneously depolarizes 100x/ min?

Test q

A

SA node

39
Q

Which nerveous system regulates heart rate between 60-100 bpm?

Test q

A

parasympathetic NS

40
Q

What is the average HR?

Test q

A

about 75 bpm

41
Q

The greater the parasympathetic signals, the slower the heart rate below…..

Test q

A

100

42
Q

Sympathetic NS increases heart rate over…..

Test q

A

100 bpm

43
Q

When can you hear the lub dub heart sounds?

Test q

A

when thorax is auscultated with stethoscope

44
Q

What is the lub heart sound?

Test q

A

-AV valves close
-ventricular ejection/contraction
-systole

45
Q

What is the dub heart sound?

Test q

A

-SL valves close
-ventricular filling/relaxation
-diastole

46
Q

What are the arteries of the heart?

A

R coronary a.
-anterior ventricular a.
-R acute marginal a.
-posterior IV a.

L coronary a.
-anterior IV a.
-circumflex a.
»L obtuse marginal a.
»posterior ventricular a.

47
Q

What are the veins of the heart?

A
48
Q

Which node regulates the spread of depolarization from the atria to the ventricles?

Test q

A

AV node

49
Q

The internal jugular vein unites with the ________________ to form the brachiocephalic vein

Test q

A

Subclavian vein

50
Q

Brachiocephalic veins unite to form the….

Test q

A

SVC

TAPP (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions