Exam 2 Content Support Drawings & Outlines

Question 1

What nerves innervate the anterior wall (rectus abdominis) and lateral wall muscles (external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominis)?

Answer 1

Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T11) and subcostal n. (T12)

Question 2

What nerve innervates the pyramidalis m.?

Answer 2

subcostal n. (T12)

Question 3

What nerves besides thoracoabdominal nerves and subcostal n. innervate the internal oblique and transverse abdominis?

Answer 3

iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal n.

Question 4

Which nerve innervates the cremaster muscle?

Answer 4

genital branch of genitofemoral n.

Question 5

The anterior wall of the abdomen has inferior named arteries that branch from the ________________ and superficial named arteries that branch from the ______________

Answer 5

external iliac a., femoral a.

Question 6

After coursing inferior to the inguinal ligament, the ________________ become the femoral vessels

Answer 6

external iliac vessels

Question 7

The inguinal canal is above the….

Answer 7

inguinal ligament

Question 8

The posterior wall of the abdomen lies anterior and slightly left of the anterior aspect of the lumbar vertebrae, with the ______ lying to its right

Answer 8

IVC

Question 9

What are the 7 branches of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 9

1) inferior phrenic a.
2) middle suprarenal a.
3) celiac trunk
4) superior mesenteric a.
5) renal a.
6) testicular/ovarian (gonadal) a.
7) inferior mesenteric a.

Question 10

What are the arteries of the adrenal gland (suprarenal)?

Answer 10

superior, middle, and inferior suprarenal arteries

Question 11

The superior suprarenal a. is a branch of the….

Answer 11

inferior phrenic a.

Question 12

The middle suprarenal a. is a branch of the….

Answer 12

abdominal aorta

Question 13

The inferior suprarenal a. is a branch of the….

Answer 13

renal a.

Question 14

What are the arteries of the anterior wall of abdomen?

Answer 14

-superior epigastric a.
-common iliac a.
-external iliac a.
»inferior epigastric a.
»deep circumflex iliac a.
-femoral a.
»superficial epigastric a.
»superficial circumflex iliac a.

Question 15

The abdominal aorta bifurcates at….

Answer 15

L4

Question 16

What are the 3 major arteries of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 16

1) celiac trunk
2) superior mesenteric a.
3) inferior mesenteric a.

Question 17

What are the branches of the celiac trunk on the LEFT side?

Answer 17

-left gastric a.
»esophageal branch
-splenic a.
»left gastric (epiploic)-omental a.

Question 18

What are the branches of the celiac trunk on the RIGHT side?

Answer 18

common hepatic a.
-proper hepatic a.
»right hepatic a.
»left hepatic a.
»right gastric a.
-gastroduodenal a.
»right gastro (epiploic)-omental a.
»anterior superior pancreaticduodenal a.
»posterior superior pancreaticduodenal a.

Question 19

What are the branches of the superior mesenteric a.?

Answer 19

-inferior pancreaticduodenal a.
»anterior branch
»posterior branch
-middle colic a.
-right colic a.
-ileocolic a.

mnemonic: I MRI

Question 20

What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric a.?

Answer 20

-left colic a.
-sigmoid arteries
-superior rectal a.

Question 21

The superior rectal a. is the terminal branch of the….

Answer 21

inferior mesenteric a.

Question 22

The hepatic venous portal system drains blood to the….

Answer 22

liver

Question 23

The hepatic venous portal system drains blood to the liver from the lower portion of the esophagus to the upper part of the anal canal and includes the spleen and pancreas. The hepatic venous portal system is located between anterior and posterior walls of abdomen. The inferior mesenteric v. drains into the….

Answer 23

splenic v.

Question 24

The splenic v. unites with the ___________________ to form the hepatic portal vein/ portal vein

Answer 24

superior mesenteric v.

Question 25

The inferior epigastric v. is a branch of the….

Answer 25

external iliac v.

Question 26

The inferior epigastric v. anastomoses with the….

Answer 26

superior epigastric v.

Question 27

The thoracoepigastric v. unites with the _____________ to the superficial epigastric v.

Answer 27

lateral thoracic v.

Question 28

The lateral thoracic v. is a branch of the….

Answer 28

axillary v.

Question 29

The superficial epigastric v. is a branch of the…

Answer 29

femoral v.

Question 30

The L testicular/ovarian (gonadal) v. drains into the….

Answer 30

L renal v.

Question 31

The R testicular/ovarian (gonadal) v. drains into the…

Answer 31

IVC

Question 32

What are the veins of the abdominal anterior wall?

Answer 32

inferior epigastric v. and superficial epigastric v.

Question 33

The inferior epigastric v. is a branch of the….

Answer 33

external iliac v.

Question 34

The superfical epigastric v. is a branch of the….

Answer 34

femoral v.

Question 35

What are the veins on the lateral wall of the abdomen?

Answer 35

the thoracoepigastric veins connect with the lateral thoracic and superior epigastric veins

Question 36

What are the veins of the posterior wall of the abdomen?

Answer 36

IVC
-inferior phrenic v.
-right, middle, and inferior hepatic veins
-renal veins
»L gonadal v.
-R gonadal v.
»common iliac v.

Question 37

The right, middle, and left hepatic veins drain purified blood to the…

Answer 37

IVC

Question 38

The L gonadal veins drain into….

Answer 38

L renal v.

Question 39

The R gonadal veins drain into the….

Answer 39

IVC

Question 40

What are the branches of the hepatic portal vein/portal vein?

Answer 40

-superior mesenteric v.
-splenic v.
»inferior mesenteric v.

Question 41

What are the 3 posterior abdominal wall muscles?

Answer 41

1) quadratus lumborum
2) psoas major and minor
3) ilacus

Question 42

Which muscle is this?
-origin= iliac crest (posterior border)
-insertion= rib 12 and L1-L4 TPs
-innervation= local branches of ventral rami
-action= unilateral lateral flexion and bilateral depression of rib cage

Answer 42

quadratus lumborum

Question 43

What does psoa mean?

Answer 43

loins

Question 44

Which muscle is this?
-origin= T12-L4 TPs
-insertion= lesser trochanter of femur
-innervation= local branches of ventral rami
-action= hip flexion

Answer 44

psoas major

Question 45

Which muscle is this?
-origin= T12-L1 vertebrae and IVD
-insertion= pectineal line of pubis
-innervation= local branches of ventral rami
-action= weak trunk flexion

Answer 45

psoas minor

Question 46

What muscle is this?
-origin= iliac fossa (upper 2/3)
-insertion= lesser trochanter (femur)
-insertion= femoral n.
-action= hip flexion with psoas major

Answer 46

iliacus

Question 47

What are the 2 anterolateral abdominal wall muscles?

Answer 47

1) pyramidalis
2) rectus abdominis

Question 48

Which muscle is this?
-origin=pubic crest and symphysis
-insertion= linea alba
-innervation= subcostal n. (T12)
-action= tenses linea alba

Answer 48

pyramidalis

Question 49

Which muscle is this?
-origin= pubic crest
-insertion= xiphoid process (sternum) and costal cartilages 5-7
-innervation= thoracoabdominal nerves, lateral branches of intercostal nerves (T7-T11), and subcostal n. (T12)
-action= flexion of lumbar spine

Answer 49

rectus abdominis

Question 50

What are the 3 lateral abdominal wall muscles?

Answer 50

1) external oblique
2) internal oblique
3) transverse abdominis

Question 50

Which muscle is this?
-origin= ribs 5-12
-insertion= xiphoid, linea alba, pubic crest and tubercle, inguinal ligament, iliac crest
-innervation= T7-T11 and T12 nerves
-action= flexion and contralateral rotation of torso

Answer 50

external oblique

Question 51

Which muscle is this?
-origin= thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament
-insertion= ribs 10-12, xiphoid, linea alba, pectineal line of pubis
-innervation= T7-T11, T12, iliohypogastric, and ilioinguinal (L1) nerves
-action= flexion and ipsilateral contraction of torso

Answer 51

internal oblique

Question 52

Which muscle is this?
-origin= costal cartilages 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament
-insertion= xiphoid, linea alba, pectinal line of pubis
-innervation= T7-T11, T12, iliohypogastric, and ilioinguinal (L1) nerves
-action= compresses abdominal contents

Answer 52

transverse abdominis

Question 53

Which tendon is a common aponeurosis of the internal oblique muscle and transverse abdominis and inserts into the pubic crest and pectineal line?

Answer 53

conjoint tendon