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TAPP > Abdomen Somatic (Exam 2) > Flashcards

Abdomen Somatic (Exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

The serous membranes of the abdomen is the peritoneum. What are the 2 parts?

A

1) parietal peritoneum (lines abdominal wall)
2) visceral peritoneum (lines organs (viscera) in the abdomen

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2
Q

Where is the intraperitoneal region?

A

within peritoneal cavity

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3
Q

What are the 2 extraperitoneal regions?

A

retroperitoneal and subperitoneal

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4
Q

Where is the retroperitoneal region found?

A

between the parietal peritoneum and posterior abdominal wall

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5
Q

Where is the subperitoneal found?

A

between the parietal peritoneum and pelvic floor

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6
Q

Where is the intraperitoneal region found?

test q

A

internal to the parietal peritoneum

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7
Q

What is the intraperitoneal region covered with?

test q

A

visceral serosa (visceral peritoneum)

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8
Q

What is the intraperitoneal region suspended by?

test q

A

mesentery

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9
Q

What is the serosa?

A

serous membrane which produces serous fluid

2 types: visceral and parietal

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10
Q

The ___________ is folds (double layer) of peritoneum extending from the parietal peritoneum of the posterior abdominal wall to the visceral peritoneum by embryonic invagination of intraperitoneal organs. It stores fat. Additionally, nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatics course through it to supply intraperitoneal organs

A

mesentery

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11
Q

The stomach has what mesentery?

A

ventral mesentery (mesogastrium)

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12
Q

The 1st part of the duodenum (SI) has what mesentery?

A

ventral mesentery

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13
Q

The jejunum and ileum (SI) have what mesentery?

A

mesentery of SI

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14
Q

The liver and gallbladder have what mesentery?

A

ventral mesentery (to anterior abdominal wall)

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15
Q

The tail of the pancreas has what mesentery?

A

dorsal mesentery (to the posterior body wall)

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16
Q

The spleen has what mesentery?

A

dorsal mesentery

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17
Q

The appendix has what mesentery?

A

mesoappendix

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18
Q

Does the cecum of the LI have a mesentery?

A

no

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19
Q

What mesentery does the transverse colon have?

A

transverse mesocolon

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20
Q

What mesentery does the sigmoid colon have?

A

sigmoid mesocolon

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21
Q

Where is the extraperitoneal region found?

A

located external to the parietal peritoneum

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22
Q

Where is the retroperitoneal region found?

test q

A

between the posterior parietal peritoneum anteriorly and the posterior abdominal walls posteriorly

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23
Q

What does the retroperitoneal region contain?

A

-duodenum (except 1st part, superior duodenum)
-ascending and descending colon
-kidneys
-adrenal glands
-pancreas (except tail)
-abdominal aorta
-IVC

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24
Q

What is the retroperitoneal region covered with?

A

adventitia

adventitia is an external layer of fibrous CT of extraperitoneal organs and contains nerves, blood, and lymphatic vessels and firmly attaches organs to surrounding structure

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25
Q

T/F: the cecum of the LI is intraperitoneal and has no mesentery

A

TRUE

26
Q

Where is the subperitoneal region?

test q

A

between parietal peritoneum and muscles of pelvic floor inferiorly

27
Q

What does the subperitoneal region contain?

A

-bladder
-female reproductive organs of pelvis and rectum

28
Q

What is the subperitoneal region covered with?

test q

A

adventitia

29
Q

The abdominal quadrants are made by what lines and what do they pass through?

A

-1 transverse plane line
-1 median sagittal plane line
-they pass through umbilicus at right angles

30
Q

What are the contents in the RUQ?

test q

A

-liver
-gallbladder
-head of pancreas
-duodenum of SI

31
Q

What organ is found in the LUQ?

test q

A

spleen

32
Q

What are the contents of the RLQ?

A

-appendix
-ileocecal valve
-R ovary

33
Q

What are the contents of the LLQ?

A

-sigmoid colon
-L ovary

34
Q

What lines make up the 9 abdominopelvic regions?

A

-2 transverse plane lines running from subcostal and interspinous (ASIS)
-2 parasagittal plane lines running from R and L midclavicular

35
Q

What are the 9 abdominopelvic regions?

A

-epigastric region
-umbilical region
-hypogastric (pubic) region
-R and L hypochondriac region
-R and L lumbar region
-R and L iliac (inguinal) region

36
Q

What are the layers of the abdominal wall?

A

-skin
-subcutaneous tissue
»camper’s fascia (superficial fatty layer)
»scarpa’s fascia (deep membranous layer (orange reticular fibers)
-anterolateral abdominal wall muscles
-transversalis fascia
-retropertoneal fascia
-parietal peritoneum

37
Q

What is the rectus sheath formed by?

test q

A

-aponeuroses of transverse abdominis
-internal and external oblique muscles

38
Q

What does the rectus sheath contain?

test q

A

-rectus abdominis
-pyramidalis

39
Q

What does the rectus sheath divide into?

test q

A

anterior and posterior laminae

40
Q

Linea alba is latin for….

test q

A

“white line”

41
Q

The linea alba is a single mid-sagittal fibrous line in the anterior abdominal wall that is formed by the rectus sheath between abdominis muscles. What is it attached to and passes through it?

test q

A

-attached to xiphoid and pubic symphysis
-umbilicus passes through

42
Q

The ____________________ is a bilateral vertical curved line in the anterior abdominal wall where the layers of the rectus sheath fuses lateral to the rectus abdominis muscle

test q

A

linea semilunaris

43
Q

The _________________ are 3-4 fibrous bands which pass transversely or obliquely across the rectus abdominis muscles

test q

A

tendinous intersections

44
Q

The arcuate line occurs 1/2 the distance from……

test q

A

umbilicus to pubic crest

45
Q

The arcuate line is a horizontal line that demarcates the lower limit of the _________ lamina of the rectus sheath

test q

A

posterior

46
Q

The inferior epigastric vessels perforate the rectus abdominis here

test q

A

arcuate line

47
Q

Superiorly to the arcuate line, the ______________ aponeurosis splits anteriorly and posteriorly to envelop the rectus abdominis. Posteriorly, this aponeurosis accompanies the aponeurosis of the transverse abdominis to form the posterior laminae of the rectus sheath

test q

A

internal oblique

48
Q

Inferior to the arcuate line, the __________ laminae of the rectus sheath changes position anteriorly in front of the rectus muscle

test q

A

posterior

49
Q

The inguinal triangle (of Hasselback) is a triangular area on the deep inferior aspect of the anterior abdominal wall. What is the medial border of the inguinal triangle?

test q

A

rectus abdominis muscles

50
Q

The inguinal triangle (of Hasselback) is a triangular area on the deep inferior aspect of the anterior abdominal wall. What is the superolateral border of the inguinal triangle?

test q

A

inferior epigastric artery and vein

51
Q

The inguinal triangle (of Hasselback) is a triangular area on the deep inferior aspect of the anterior abdominal wall. What is the inferior border of the inguinal triangle?

test q

A

inguinal ligament

52
Q

The inguinal canal is a short oblique passage through the inferior part of the anterolateral abdominal wall. It is located __________ to the inguinal triangle and between 2 rings: superficial and deep

test q

A

lateral

53
Q

The superficial ring of the inguinal canal is an opening in the aponeurosis of….

A

external oblique muscle (above pubic tubercle)

54
Q

The deep ring of the inguinal canal is an opening through the transversalis fascia (deep to the _________________)

A

transverse abdominis m.

55
Q

What are the contents for the inguinal canal in a MALE?

test q

A

-spermatic cord
-ilioinguinal n.
-cremaster m.

56
Q

What are the contents of the spermatic cord?

test q

A

1) genital branch of the genitofemoral n.
2) testicular a.
3) testicular v. (pampiniform plexus)
4) ductus (vas) deferens

57
Q

What are the contents for the inguinal canal in a FEMALE?

test q

A

1) round ligament of uterus (ligamentum teres uteri)
2) ilioinguinal n.
3) genital branch of the genitofemoral n.

58
Q

What are the somatic nerve innervations for the abdomen?

A

-thoraco-abdominal nerves (T7-T11)
-subcostal n. (T12)
-lumbar plexus with iliohypogastric and iliolingual n.

59
Q

Which NS is known as fight or flight?

A

sympathetic NS

60
Q

Which NS has thoracolumbar outflow from T1-L2?

test q

A

sympathetic NS

61
Q

Which NS is known as rest and digest?

A

parasympathetic NS

62
Q

Which NS has cranial-sacral outflow from CNs 3, 7, 9, and 10, and S2-S4 nerves?

test q

A

parasympathetic NS

TAPP (11 decks)

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