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Biology > Heart And Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Heart And Blood Vessels Flashcards

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1
Q

What is blood pressure?

A

Blood pressure is the force the blood exerts against the wall of a blood vessel

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2
Q

What are valves?

A

Valves control the direction of blood flow

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3
Q

What is a portal system?

A

Blood pathway that begins and ends in capillaries

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4
Q

What is diastole?

A

When heart chambers relax

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5
Q

What is systole?

A

When the heart chambers contract

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6
Q

What is a pulse?

A

The alternate expansion and contraction of the arteries

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7
Q

What is an open circulatory system?

A

Heart pumps blood into open vessels

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8
Q

What is a closed circulatory system?

A

Blood remains in the blood vessels

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9
Q

Advantages of a closed circulatory system?

A

1) Increase bloodflow to particular organs if needed

2) Pump blood around body faster

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10
Q

What is the function of inelastic fibres?

A

Prevent walls over expanding

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11
Q

What is the function of muscle and elastic fibres?

A

To alter the size of the vessel

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12
Q

What is the function of the endothellium?

A

Separate lumen from muscular wall

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13
Q

What is the function of the coronary arteries?

A

Supply oxygen to the heart

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14
Q

Where do the coronary arteries originate?

A

Aorta

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15
Q

What is the function of the coronary veins?

A

Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart via right atrium

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16
Q

Differences between arteries and veins?

A

Arteries have thick walls, small lumens, valves absent, etc

Veins have thin walls, large lumens, valves, etc

17
Q

Where are the tricuspid valves located?

A

Right side of heart

18
Q

Where is the bicuspid valve located?

A

Left side of heart

19
Q

Where are the semilunar valves?

A

2 main arteries

20
Q

What controls your heart beat?

A

Pacemaker (SA node)

21
Q

Where is the pacemaker (SA node) located?

A

Wall at the top of right atrium

22
Q

Describe how the pacemaker controls heartbeat?

A

1) SA node causes atria to contract
2) Electrical impulses from SA stimulate AV node.
3) The AV node sends electrical impulses down septum to the apex of heart.
4) Ventricles contract

23
Q

Where is the AV nod located?

A

Right ventricle near the septum

24
Q

What valves are open/closed and what chambers are relaxed in atrial diastole?

A

All valves closed

All chambers relaxed

25
Q

What valves are open/closed and what chambers are relaxed in atrial systole?

A

Tri and bicuspid valves open- semilunars closed

Ventricles relax

26
Q

What valves are open/closed and what chambers are relaxed in ventricular systole?

A

Semilunars open- tri and bicuspid valves closed

Atria relax

27
Q

What does AV stand for?

A

Atrio-ventricular

28
Q

What does SA stand for?

A

Sino-atrial

29
Q

What is normal blood pressure?

A

80

30
Q

What are the three stages of heartbeat?

A

Atrial diastole
Atrial systole
Ventricular systole

31
Q

What is the pulmonary circuit?

A

Blood flows from heart to lungs and back

32
Q

What is the systemic circuit?

A

Blood flows from heart to body and back

33
Q

What is double circulation?

A

Blood flows around pulmonary and systemic circuit at the same time

Biology (25 decks)

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