Food Flashcards
Why is water important?
- Main component of cytoplasm and bodily fluids
- Participates in reactions
- Solvent
- Absorber of heat
What do proteins contain?
Carbon hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen
What is a protein?
At least 200 amino acids
What is cellulose used for?
Main component of cell wall
What is an anabolic reaction?
Anabolic reactions convert smaller molecules into larger ones
What is a water-soluble vitamin?
Vit C ( ascorbic acid)
What is a fat soluble vitamin?
Vitamin D (calciferol)
What is a biomolecule?
A chemical made inside a living thing
What is a catabolic reaction?
A reaction where complex molecules are broken down into simpler ones
What are the characteristics of globular proteins?
- Rounded shape
2. Lots of folding
What is a phospholipid?
A glycerol w/ 2 fatty acids and a phosphate
What is a triglyceride?
A glycerol w/ 3 fatty acids
Difference between carbs and lipids?
Carbs are found in a simple ratio, lipids are not
What are lipids?
Fats and oils
What is glycogen for?
Energy storage in animals
What is the metabolic role of carbs and lipids?
Provide energy from respiration
What is the metabolic role of proteins?
- To form hormones
- Enzymes
- Antibodies
What are minerals for?
- To form hard tissue eg. Bones and cell wall
- To form soft tissue eg. Muscle
- Biomolecules
What is the metabolic role of vit D?
To absorb Ca from s.intestine
What is a polysaccharide?
Many sugar units bonded together
What is starch for?
Energy storage in plants
What is a disaccharide?
2 sugar units bonded together
What are monosaccharides?
1 sugar unit
What is the chemical formula for carbs?
Cx(H2O)y X=Y
What is the metabolic role of vit C?
Form connective tissue
Characteristics of fibrous proteins?
- Long fibres
- Tough
- Little/ no folding
What is a peptide?
Less than 20 amino acids
What is a polypeptide?
More than 20 amino acids
What chemicals are used to test for protein?
Sodium hydroxide and copper sulfate
What chemicals are used to test for reducing sugars?
Benedict’s soln
What is the colour change in the presence of protein?
Blue to purple
What is the colour change in the presence of reducing sugars?
Blue to brick red
