Heart Flashcards
What is the venous draining of the pericardium?
The pericardiacophrenic veins, tributaries of the brachiocephalic (or internal thoracic) veins
What supplies blood to the pericardium?
The pericardiacophrenic artery, a branch of the internal thoracic.
Apex of the heart:
- formed by the inferolateral part of the LV
- mitral sounds may be heard here (apex beat)
Base of the heart:
- posterior aspect
- mainly LA but a little RA as well
What are the four surfaces of the heart?
1) Anterior (sternocostal)
2) Diaphragmatic (inferior)
3) Left Pulmonary
4) Right Pulmonary
What are the four borders of the heart?
- Right
- Left
- Inferior
- Superior
Blood flow of RA
-Receives blood from SVC, IVC, and coronary sinuses.
Function of right auricle:
-increase the capacity of the atrium as it overlaps the ascending aorta
Interatrial septum
Separates the atria, and has an oval thumbprint-size depression, the fossa ovalis.
Trabeculae Carneae
-irregular muscular elevations found in the RV
Papillary muscles
-conical projections and tendinous cords that form the cusps of valves.
The interventricular septum
-composes of membranous and muscular parts that separates the ventricles
Mitral valve
-closes the orifice between LA and LV
Septal defects of the heart
- Atrial septum defects
- Ventricular septum defects
Valvular heart disease
- involve the valves of the heart where efficient pumping is diminished.
- stenosis=>failure to open fully
- valvular regurgitation=>failure to close fully
Right coronary artery pathway
-sinu-atrial nodal branch=>right marginal branch=>AV nodal branch=>posterior IV branch=>Interventricular septal branches
RCA supplies:
- RA
- Most of RV
- part of LV
- Parts of IV septum
- SA and AV nodes
Left Coronary Artery pathway:
-Arises from left aortic sinus=>LCA=>AnteriorIV branch/Circumflex branch
The LCA supplies:
- LA
- Most of LV
- Part of RV
- Most of the IV Septum
- SA node
Venous drainage of the heart
- coronary sinus
- great cardiac vein
- middle/small cardiac veins
- left posterior ventricular vein
- left marginal vein
What vein is commonly used for a coronary bypass graft?
-Great saphenous vein
Ligamentum arteriosum
-passes from root of the left pulmonary artery to the inferior surface of the arch of the aorta.
What nerve is the sole motor supply to the diahragm?
The phrenic nerve, with about 1/3 of its fibers being sensory
