Heart

Question 1

Think blood, oxygen and lungs. Oxygen is key

Describe the double circulatery system in mamels

Answer 1

• The heart pumps deoxganted blood to the lungs
• The lungs provide oxygen to the blood
• The oxgentaed blood returns to the heart and pumped around the body

Oxgenated blood is used up the body so the deoxganted blood goes to the heart where the heart can then pass on to the lungs to get oxygentaed for bodily use.

Question 2

What is the difference in functions between veins, arteries and capillaries?

Answer 2

• Arteries carry blood away from the heart
• Veins cary blood towards (into) the heart
• Capelirries flow close to tissues fro exchange

A- away
Veins- in
Capelirries- capable of exchange

Question 3

Describe the structutre of arteries?

Answer 3

• Thick walls made of muscle
• Elastic tissue
• Small lumen to transsport blood under high pressure

Question 4

Describe the structure of cappileries

Answer 4

• Thin walls allows for easy gas exchange of substances at the tissue

Thin walls are around one cell thick

Question 5

Similar to arteries but proprotions are different

Describe the structure of veins

Answer 5

• Less muscle
• Less elastic tissue
• Larger lumen as blood is at low pressure
• Valves to prevent backflow

Question 6

Describe the blood flow through the right side of the heart

Answer 6

*Deoxygenated blood flows through the vena cava into the right atrium
*Blood passes through the right AV valve and into the right ventricle
* The blood passes through the SL valve and into the pulmonary artery where the blood is then pumped out of the heart to the lungs

Question 7

Describe the blood flow through the left side of the heart

Answer 7

*Oxygenated blood flows through the pulmonary vein and into the left atrium
*Blood is pumped through the AV valve into the left ventricle
*The blood is a then pumped out through left SL valve and into the aorta

Question 8

Name the wall that seperates the left and right side of the heart

Answer 8

The septum

Question 9

Name the artery that supplied the heart tissue with blood

Answer 9

Coronary artery

Question 10

Name the muscle that the heart is made of

Answer 10

Cardiac muscle

Question 11

Why is the wall of the left ventricle bigger than the wall of the right ventricle?

Answer 11

*The blood on the left ventricle needs to be plumbed a further distance (around the body)
More pressure is needed to pump the blood around the body

Question 12

What does adrenaline do to the heart rate?

Answer 12

*Increases the heart rate
* Triggers the fight or flight response

Question 13

Apart from the heart state two parts of the body that gets affected by adrenaline

Answer 13

*Dilated the pupils
*Increases breathing rate

Question 14

Why does heart rate increase during exercise?

Answer 14

*More muscle movement needs more energy for movement
*Muscle tissues need a supply of oxygen to carry out reputation
*Heart needs to pump faster for respiration

Question 15

What is conary heart disease (CHD)?

Answer 15

*The artery that provides the heart tissue with blood becomes blocked

Question 16

Give three common risk factors for conary heart disease

Answer 16

• Smoking
  *Poor diet
  *Lack of exercise