Heart Flashcards
Think blood, oxygen and lungs. Oxygen is key
Describe the double circulatery system in mamels
- The heart pumps deoxganted blood to the lungs
- The lungs provide oxygen to the blood
- The oxgentaed blood returns to the heart and pumped around the body
Oxgenated blood is used up the body so the deoxganted blood goes to the heart where the heart can then pass on to the lungs to get oxygentaed for bodily use.
What is the difference in functions between veins, arteries and capillaries?
- Arteries carry blood away from the heart
- Veins cary blood towards (into) the heart
- Capelirries flow close to tissues fro exchange
A- away
Veins- in
Capelirries- capable of exchange
Describe the structutre of arteries?
- Thick walls made of muscle
- Elastic tissue
- Small lumen to transsport blood under high pressure
Describe the structure of cappileries
- Thin walls allows for easy gas exchange of substances at the tissue
Thin walls are around one cell thick
Similar to arteries but proprotions are different
Describe the structure of veins
- Less muscle
- Less elastic tissue
- Larger lumen as blood is at low pressure
- Valves to prevent backflow
Describe the blood flow through the right side of the heart
*Deoxygenated blood flows through the vena cava into the right atrium
*Blood passes through the right AV valve and into the right ventricle
* The blood passes through the SL valve and into the pulmonary artery where the blood is then pumped out of the heart to the lungs
Describe the blood flow through the left side of the heart
*Oxygenated blood flows through the pulmonary vein and into the left atrium
*Blood is pumped through the AV valve into the left ventricle
*The blood is a then pumped out through left SL valve and into the aorta
Name the wall that seperates the left and right side of the heart
The septum
Name the artery that supplied the heart tissue with blood
Coronary artery
Name the muscle that the heart is made of
Cardiac muscle
Why is the wall of the left ventricle bigger than the wall of the right ventricle?
*The blood on the left ventricle needs to be plumbed a further distance (around the body)
More pressure is needed to pump the blood around the body
What does adrenaline do to the heart rate?
*Increases the heart rate
* Triggers the fight or flight response
Apart from the heart state two parts of the body that gets affected by adrenaline
*Dilated the pupils
*Increases breathing rate
Why does heart rate increase during exercise?
*More muscle movement needs more energy for movement
*Muscle tissues need a supply of oxygen to carry out reputation
*Heart needs to pump faster for respiration
What is conary heart disease (CHD)?
*The artery that provides the heart tissue with blood becomes blocked
