Gentic modification Flashcards
Think what is wanted
Describe how selective breeding is carried out.
- Organisums with desired (wanted) charcteristics are selcted (choosen)
- They are bred togther to form offspring with desired charcteristics
- This procces is repeated to create more offspring with desired charcteristics
Somthing to do with changing a section of DNA
What is genitic engineering?
- Modfiying the genoume of an organisum
- Introducing a new gene from another organisum
- To create desired charcteristics
How are new genes introduced into a new organisum?
- Desired gene of an orgnasium (wanted gene) is isolated a cut using a restriction enzyme
- DNA fro a bacteruim is cut using the same restriction enzyme
- Gene is inserted into the bacteruim using liagse enzyme
- A recombiant plasmid is formed
- Recombiant plasmid is inserted into host bacteria
- The bacteria is left to reproduce
The same restriction enzyme is used to make compliemantary sticky ends
DNA Liage forms phos
Give thre benfits of gentically modfied crops?
- Increase yield
- Resistant to pests
- Resistant to herbicides and disease
Plants also grow quicker and stronger
Plants can grow in harsher enviourment or envioruments they do not tend to grow in
Think somthing odd and new
What is a transgenic organisum?
An organsium that contains a foreign DNA
What are the two enzymes used in gentic modification?
- Liages
- Restriction enzyme
Restriction is to cut the genes and to make complimentary tsick ends
Liages is used at the end to create the recombiant plasmid
How has gentic engineering helped to treat cancer?
- Bacterial cells are gentically modfied to prouduce human insuline for the treatment of dibeates
