Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anp Flash Cards > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Arteries

A

Take blood away from the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Veins

A

Carry blood to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why are capillaries around the same diameter as red blood cells

A

To allow red blood cells to move in a single file slowly for efficient gas exhange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pericarditis

A

Swelling of the fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the auricle do

A

Expand the volume of atrias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do Sulci do on the heart

A

Where blood vessels on the heart lie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where does the left subclavian artery go to

A

Left arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What did the ligamentum arteriosum do?

A

Before birth it was a vessel that allowed pulmonary arteries and aorta mix blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Function of pulmonary arteries

A

Takes deoxygenated blood from right ventricles to the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Function of the aorta

A

Takes oxygenated blood from the left ventricle and flows it to the entire body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What 3 veins puts deoxygenated blood into the right atrium

A

Coronary sinus, inferior vena cava, superior vena cava.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where does the left common carotid artery go to

A

Neck and head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Function of pulmonary veins

A

Deliver oxygenated blood to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a pressure gradient

A

When there is a higher pressure in one area it will tend to go to a lower pressure which opens valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do papillary muscles do in relation to high pressure in the atria

A

Relax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What events occur in the left ventricle during contraction

A

Left AV valves: close
Papillary muscles: contract
Chordae tendinae tenses
Aortic valve: open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where do coronary arteries originate

A

Aortic valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which chambers are the first to contract

A

Atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the conducting system of the heart do

A

Controls and coordinate heartbeat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the contractile system of the heart do

A

Produce contractions that propels blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Why is the SA node important

A

It sets the pace for contraction and initiates the cardiac cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is an EKG (electrocardiogram)

A

Records electrical events in the cardiac cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Automaticity definition

A

Can contract on its own rhythm built in.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where is the pacemaker cells located?

A

Sinoatrial node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What does the AV bundles and bundle of his do

A

Conducts impulses throughout the ventricles but do not stimulate it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What part of the nervous system slows down the heart

A

Parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What part of the nervous system increase heart rate

A

Sympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

In what motion does the heart contract? And why?

A

Twisting motion due to the muscular orientation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What was the foramen ovale prior to birth

A

Fossa ovalis, used to be an opening in the interatrial septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Function of trabecular carnae

A

Helps turn and turbinate blood and aids in coordination of heart muscle cell contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is happening when a chamber is relaxing (diastole)

A

The chamber is getting filled with blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

When a chamber is contracting (systole) what is happening?

A

Blood is being emptied out of the chamber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

If the Atrias are contracting what is happening in the ventricles

A

They are diastole

34
Q

Tachycardia

A

Abnormally fast heart rate

35
Q

Bradycardia

A

Abnormally slow heart rate

36
Q

What does a flat line mean on a EKG

A

A chamber is relaxing

37
Q

What does the flat line between T waves and p waves on an ekg represent

A

All chambers relaxed and all valves closed

38
Q

Premature atrial contraction

A

P waves occurs too soon in cardiac rhythm

39
Q

Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia

A

No pause between T waves and P waves

40
Q

Atrial fibrilation

A

Atrias are barely contracting

41
Q

Premature ventricular contraction

A

Extra heartbeats that begin in one hearts ventricles

42
Q

Ventricular fibrilation

A

Ventricles are barely contracting

43
Q

Ventricular tachycardia

A

When the ventricles beat too fast

44
Q

What allows the heart to receive electrical signals

A

Ion channels

45
Q

What causes depolarization of the heart

A

Sodium going in

46
Q

What causes a plateau which determines the strength of contraction in the heart

A

Calcium

47
Q

What ion repolarizes the heart

A

Potassium

48
Q

What occurs during the plateau phase of heart contraction

A

Calcium enters the heart which stimulates the release of calcium in the SR

49
Q

Where does the heart store oxygen

A

Myoglobin

50
Q

Where does the heart get its oxygen

A

Myoglobin, circulating blood, and mitochondrial breakdown of fatty acids

51
Q

What is another word for contraction in the heart

A

Systole

52
Q

What is another word for relaxation

A

Diastole

53
Q

What happens during isovolumetric relaxation

A

All heart valves are closed and all chambers are relaxing

54
Q

What happens during Isovolumetric contraction

A

All valves are closed and all chambers relaxed, but the heart begins to build pressure

55
Q

What happens to blood pressure during systole

A

The blood pressures of the chambers rise

56
Q

What happens to blood pressure during diastole

A

The blood pressure falls

57
Q

What happens to the cardiac cycle when heart rate increases

A

Cardiac cycle shortens, mainly the diastole

58
Q

Cardiac output

A

Volume pumped by left ventricle per minute
CO=HR*SV

59
Q

What can adjust heart rate

A

Hormones and the autonomic nervous system

60
Q

What monitors blood pressure

A

Baroreceptors

61
Q

What monitors gas levels in the arteries

A

Chemoreceptors

62
Q

Location of chemoreceptors

A

Carotid artery and arch of aorta

63
Q

Venous return

A

The amount of blood coming back should be around the same as the amount of blood going out

64
Q

Preload definition

A

Ventricular stretching during diastole

65
Q

Contractility definition

A

Force produced by contraction (ion channels-calcium)

66
Q

Afterload definition

A

Tension the ventricles produce to open the semilunar valves

67
Q

Affect of excercise on the heart

A

Increase of EDV, myocardium stretches more, stroke volume increases

68
Q

Frank-starling principle

A

As EDV increases, SV increases

69
Q

What decreases when Afterload increases

A

Stroke volume

70
Q

Angina pectoris

A

When the heart is in pain during excess physical stress

71
Q

Myocardial infarction (heart attack) definition

A

Prolonged coronary blockage, causes permanent damage to heart tissue that is replaced by scar tissue

72
Q

What is used to treat myocardial infarction

A

Tissue plasminogen activator

73
Q

How fast the heart is beating is based on what ion interaction?

A

Sodium (depolarization)
Potassium (repolarization)

74
Q

Role of AV node

A

Slow down impulse to allow atria to fill ventricle

75
Q

Arrythmia

A

Uncoordinated heart rhythm

76
Q

Heart block

A

Ventricles do not work correctly due to AV node not working

77
Q

What is the strategy of respiratory pump

A

When the diaphragm goes down it pushes blood up

78
Q

What is the strategy of skeletal muscle pump

A

Muscle contraction squeezes blood towards the heart

79
Q

What is the strategy of using one way valves in veins

A

Every time blood goes towards the heart the valves close

80
Q

what is the strategy of the Push from the left ventricle

A

Ventricle pushes blood that is in the aorta pushing blood further through the body

81
Q

What is the strategy of pull from the atrium

A

The right atrium pulls blood towards the heart

82
Q

What causes heart murmurs

A

Disorders with heart valves

Anp Flash Cards (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions