Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy II > heart > Flashcards

heart Flashcards

1
Q

orientation of heart

A

size of fist; in center of chest

angled downward to right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

mediastinum

A

portion of thoracic cavity that contains the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

pericardium

A

sac covering the heart

2 layers- fibrous and serous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

fibrous pericardium

A

outermost, protective layer
anchors heart in place
made of dense CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 layers of serous pericardium

A

parietal layer
visceral layer
pericardial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

parietal layer of serous pericardium

A

attached to mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

visceral layer of serous pericardium

A

outer surface of heart

aka epicardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

pericardial cavity

A

space between parietal and visceral layers

filled with pericardial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

function of pericardial fluid

A

prevent friction

dissipate heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

layers of heart (outer to inner)

A

epicardium
myocardium
endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

epicardium

A

visceral layer

made of CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

myocardium

A

muscular layer

made of cardiac muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

endocardium

A

lines internal chambers of heart

made of squamous epithelial tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

atria

A

2 chambers at base of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ventricles

A

2 chambers at apex of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which ventricle is thicker

A

left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

markings of heart

A

interatrial septum
inter ventricular septum
coronary sulcus
inter ventricular groove

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

interatrial septum

A

separates left and right atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

inter ventricular septum

A

separates left and right ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

coronary sulcus

A

outer groove that runs between where atria and ventricles go on outside
near top of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

inter ventricular groove

A

groove on outside of heart that runs between atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

when apex is at 6:00, on the front of heart which way is inter ventricular groove? on the back?

A

diagonal; vertical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

auricles

A

2 flaps at top of heart

increase surface area for increased volume of blood to be held in atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

pectinate muscles

A

muscles on inside all of atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
fossa ovalis
seal of leftover shortcut connection between atria in interatrial septum
26
trabeculae carnae
muscle in walls of ventricles
27
papillary muscles
muscles that extend into ventricle (not just on wall) | connect to flaps of valves by chord tendonae
28
how do chordae tendinae function?
contraction of papillary muscles pulls on chordae tendinae this puts tension on the flaps of valves so they won't turn inside out when ventricles contract and put blood back into atrium
29
chamber-related blood vessels
``` vena cava coronary sinus pulmonary veins pulmonary artery aorta ```
30
vena cava
vein that empties blood from the body directly into right atrium
31
superior vena cava drains blood from:
upper body into right atrium
32
inferior vena cava drains blood from :
lower body into R atrium
33
coronary sinus
brings all blood going to nourish myocardium into right atrium on back of heart
34
pulmonary veins
bring oxygenated blood from lungs into left atrium
35
right pulmonary vein brings blood from:
right lung to left atrium
36
left pulmonary vein brings blood from:
left lung to left atrium
37
pulmonary artery (pulmonary trunk)
carries blood away from right ventricle of heart to lungs
38
aorta
carries blood away from left ventricle of heart to bring it to the body
39
how does blood pass through the heart twice?
1. deoxygenated blood goes to right atrium, right ventricle to lungs 2. lungs oxygenate blood and push it to left atrium, left ventricle to the body
40
pulmonary circulation
right side of heart to lungs | oxygenates blood
41
systemic circulation
left side of heart to body | deoxygenates blood
42
coronary arteries
first branch off aorta | deliver myocardium's blood supply
43
cardiac veins
receive all blood that went to heart muscle; empty into coronary sinus
44
list the cardiac veins
great cardiac vein middle cardiac vein small cardiac vein anterior cardiac vein
45
anastomes
connections which make alternative pathways (collateral channels)
46
purpose of anastomes
so that if there is a blockage in a blood vessel somewhere, blood can still get to heart
47
flow of blood is determined by:
change in pressure (pressure gradients)
48
atrioventricular valves
prevent back blow from ventricles to atria; tricuspid and bicuspid valve
49
tricuspid valve
right AV valve
50
bicuspid valve
left AV valve
51
when atrial pressure > ventricular pressure, _______
- walls of atria begin to contract (while ventricles are relaxed) - blood flows from atria to ventricles
52
how does cordae tendinae control blood flow?
cordae tendinae and papillary muscles contract to keep valve closed, so it doesn't turn inside out
53
action of cordae tendnae and papillary muscles
papillary muscle contracts before rest of ventricle | when it contracts, it pulls tension on cordae tendinae--> when ventricle contracts, blood cannot push backward
54
semilunar valves
prevent back flow from arteries to ventricle | pulmonary and aortic valves
55
pulmonary valve
right SL valve | between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
56
aortic valve
left SL valve | between L ventricle and aorta
57
how is blood pushed through the heart? (mechanical)
- atria contract and push blood into ventricles - as ventricles start to fill with blood, ventricular pressure increases - change in pressure causes atria to relax, ventricles start contracting - ventricular pressure > atrial pressure, so AV valves close and SL valves open - blood is pushed from ventricles --> arteries --> away from heart
58
starting at left ventricle, go through cardiac cycle
``` left ventricle aortic valve body vena cava right atria tricuspid valve right ventricle pulmonary valve pulmonary artery lungs pulmonary veins left atrium bicuspid valve left ventricle ```
59
characteristics of cardiac muscle
``` striated uninucleate sliding filament mechanism of action intercalated discs adj, cells linked by desmosomes and gap junctions ```
60
how do desmosomes and gap junctions help heart?
heart contracts as a unit; atrias together, ventricles together

Anatomy II (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions