HEART 1 Flashcards
The human heart is an efficient organ that can pump around
7500l/day
female heart weight
250-320g
male heart weight
300-360g
right ventricle thickness
0.3-0.5cm
left ventricle thickness
1.3-1.5cm
increased in weight/thockness
hypertrophy
enlarged ventricular chamber size
dilation
increased cardiac weight/size resulting from hypertrophy and/or dilatation
cardiomegaly
additional fxn of cardiomyocytes
endocrine (anp and bnp)
pumping fxn
myocardium
coordinated contraction: systole; coordinated relaxation:_____
diastole
left ventricular myocytes are arranged in a_________
spiral circumferential orientation
endocrine fxn:
B-type natriuretic peptide
Ventricle
generates overall less robust contractile force
right ventricular myocytes
shortening of serial contractile elements aka sarcomeres within parallel myofibrils
contraction
atrioventricular valves
tricuspid and mitral valve
semilunar valves
aortic and pulmonary
dilatation of the aortic root can result in
valvular regurgitation
atrioventricular valves depends on the proper function not only of the leaflets but also
the tendinous cords and the attached papillary muscles of the ventricular wall.
Left ventricular dilation, a ruptured cord, or papillary muscle dysfunction can all interfere with mitral valve closure, causing
valvular insufficiency
A dense collagenous layer at the outflow surface, connected to the valvular supporting structures and providing mechanical integrity
fibrosa layer
A central core of loose connective tissue
spongiosa layer
A layer rich in elastin on the inflow surface, providing leaflet recoil
ventricularis or atrialis layer
pacemaker
at the junction of the right atrial appendage and SVC
SA node
located in the RA along the interatrial septum
AV node
connecting the RA to the ventricular septum
bundle of his
stimulates ventricles via
arborization into the Purkinje
network
R and L bundle branch divisions
Nutrients and oxygen are delivered via
the
coronary arteries
external surface of the heart
epicardial coronary arteries
myocardium
intramural arteries