Head, Neck and Lymph Assessment

Question 1

Cranial Bones

Answer 1

frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal

Question 2

Sutures

Answer 2

immovable joints that unite the cranial bones

Question 3

Coronal Suture

Answer 3

crowns the head from ear to ear (frontal/parietal)

Question 4

Sagittal Suture

Answer 4

separates the head lengthwise between 2 parietal bones

Question 5

Lambdoid Suture

Answer 5

separates the parietal from the occipital bones

Question 6

Salivary Glands include

Answer 6

parotid glands, submandibular gland and sublingual glands

Question 7

parotid glands

Answer 7

cheeks over the mandible (non-palpable)

Question 8

submandibular glands

Answer 8

below the mandible at the angle of the jaw

Question 9

sublingual glands

Answer 9

floor of the mouth

Question 10

Temporal Artery

Answer 10

pulsation is palpable in front or anterior to the ear

Question 11

Neck

Answer 11

base of skull to the clavicle, 1st rib and 1st thoracic vertebra

Question 12

Major Neck Muscles include

Answer 12

sternomastoid and trapezius

Question 13

sternomastoid

Answer 13

sternum to mastoid process behind the ear (diagonally)

Question 14

trapezius

Answer 14

occipital bone to scapula and clavicle (fans out)

Question 15

thyroid gland

Answer 15

important endocrine gland with a rich blood supply

Question 16

cricoid

Answer 16

just above the trachea (below the adam’s apple - thyroid cartilage)

Question 17

lymphatics

Answer 17

major part of the immune system; detects and eliminates foreign substance from the body

Question 18

Preauricular lymph

Answer 18

in front of the ear

Question 19

Posterior auricular lymph

Answer 19

behind the ear (mastoid process)

Question 20

Occipital lymph

Answer 20

base of the skull (posterior)

Question 21

Submental lymph

Answer 21

under the chin (midline) behind the tip of the mandible

Question 22

Submandibular lymph

Answer 22

along the mandible (jaw)

Question 23

Tonsillar (Jugulodigastric) lymph

Answer 23

under the angle of the mandible

Question 24

Superficial Cervical lymph

Answer 24

overlying the sternomastoid muscle

Question 25

Deep Cervical lymph

Answer 25

deep under the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 26

Posterior Cervical lymph

Answer 26

along the trapezius muscle

Question 27

Supraclavicular lymph

Answer 27

above the clavicle

Question 28

Infraclavicular lymph

Answer 28

below the clavicle

Question 29

History (Subjective)

Answer 29

A. Headaches - unusually frequent, unusually severe B. Head Injury C. Dizziness - light headed D. Neck Pain - limited ROM E. Lumps or Swelling - in the head or neck F. History of head or neck surgery G. Medications

Question 30

Inspect and Palpate the Skull

Answer 30

1. Note Size and Shape - normocephallic, symmetrical skull that is appropriate to body size 2. Temporal Area - palpate temporal artery; palpate temporomandibular joint as the client opens mouth (movement should be smooth, nontender)

Question 31

normocephalic

Answer 31

term used to describe round

Question 32

Inspect facial structures

Answer 32

Note symmetry, emotion, abnormal swelling, involuntary movements

Question 33

Inspect and Palpate Neck

Answer 33

symmetry, ROM and swelling (parotid and thyroid gland)

Question 34

symmetry of the neck

Answer 34

neck muscles symmetrical, head midline, (head erect/upright)

Question 35

ROM of neck

Answer 35

a. Flexion, extension, side to side | b. Resistant ROM - shoulder shrug and side to side

Question 36

Inspect and Palpate Lymph Nodes

Answer 36

using gentle circular motion of your finger pads

Question 37

lymphadenopathy

Answer 37

enlargement of the lymph nodes (> 1 cm ) secondary to infection, allergy, neoplasm.

Question 38

When assessing for lymphadenopathy, check

Answer 38

1. Location 2. Size 3. Shape 4. Delimitation (discrete or matted together) 5. Mobility 6. Consistency 7. Tenderness

Question 39

Normal Lymph Nodes

Answer 39

<1 cm, movable, soft, nontender, discrete

Question 40

Inspect and Palpate Trachea

Answer 40

midline

Question 41

Thyroid Gland Inspection and Palpation

Answer 41

1. Inspection - observe swallowing with a sip of water 2. Palpation - move behind patient, L hand/fingers sl push trachea to R, apply R fingers between the trachea and sternomastoid muscle, ask pt to swallow