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Anatomy - Large Animal > Head Muscles > Flashcards

Head Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles of the head in the horse (that we need to know)?

A

levator nasolabialis, caninis, levator labii superioris, zygomaticus, depressor labii inferioris, malaris

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2
Q

What is the origin of the levator nasolabialis in the horse?

A

frontal and nasal bones

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3
Q

In the horse, what does the levator nasolabialis do before it inserts?

A

it splits into a dorsal and ventral branch

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4
Q

In the horse, what does the dorsal branch of the levator nasolabialis insert on?

A

the upper lip and the lateral wing of the nostril

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5
Q

In the horse, what does the ventral branch of the levator nasolabialis insert on?

A

the commissure of the lips

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6
Q

What is the function of the levator nasolabialis?

A

elevates the upper lip and comissure and dilates the nostril

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7
Q

In the horse, what is the origin of the caninis?

A

maxilla near the facial crest

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8
Q

In the horse, what is the insertion of the caninis?

A

lateral wing of the nostril

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9
Q

What is the course of the caninis in the horse?

A

courses in between both branches of the levator nasolabialis

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10
Q

What is the function of the caninis?

A

dilates the nostril

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11
Q

In the horse, what is the origin of the levator labii superioris?

A

the junction of the lacrimal, zygomatic, and maxillary bones

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12
Q

In the horse, where does the levator labii superioris insert?

A

on the upper lip via the same tendon

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13
Q

What is the function of the zygomaticus?

A

it retracts and elevates the angle of the mouth

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14
Q

In the horse, what is the origin of the depressor labii inferioris?

A

alveolar border of the mandible

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15
Q

In the horse, what is the insertion of the depressor labii inferioris?

A

the lower lip

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16
Q

What is the function of the depressor labii inferioris?

A

depresses and retracts the lower lip

17
Q

For nerve blocking in the horse, what facial muscles need to be pushed out of the way?

A

the levator labii superioris and depressor labii inferioris

18
Q

What are the facial muscles of the ruminant?

A

levator nasolabialis, levator labii superioris, caninis depressor labii superioris, zygomaticus, malaris and depressor labii inferioris

19
Q

In the ruminant, what is the origin of the levator nasolabialis?

A

rostral part of the frontal bone and frontalis muscle

20
Q

In the ruminant, what does the levator nasolabialis do after its origin?

A

divides into superficial and deep portions

21
Q

In the ruminant, where does the superficial part of the levator nasolabialis insert?

A

nostril and upper lip

22
Q

In the ruminant, where does the deep part of the levator nasolabialis insert?

A

lateral nasal cartilages, incisive bone, and lateral part of the nostril

23
Q

In the ruminant, what is the origin of the levator labii superioris?

A

the facial tuberosity

24
Q

In the ruminant, what is the insertion of the levator labii superioris?

A

the muzzle

25
Q

What is the course of the levator labii superioris in the ruminant?

A

it courses between the two portions of the levator nasolabialis muscle

26
Q

In the ruminant, what is the function of the levator labii superioris?

A

elevates the lip

27
Q

In the ruminant, what is the origin of the caninis?

A

the facial tuberosity

28
Q

In the ruminant, what is the insertion of the caninis?

A

the lateral portion of the nostril

29
Q

Where does the caninis course in the ruminant?

A

between the two portions of the levator nasolabialis

30
Q

In the ruminant, what is the origin of the depressor labii superioris?

A

maxilla and facial tuberosity

31
Q

In the ruminant, what is the insertion of the depressor labii superioris?

A

the upper lip and ventral portion of the nostril

32
Q

What is the function of the depressor labii superioris in the ruminant?

A

retracts the rostral portion of the upper lip and the ventrolateral portion of the nostril

33
Q

In the ruminant, how is the malaris structured?

A

it has both rostral and caudal parts

34
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the rostral portion of the malaris?

A

O: facial part of the lacrimal bone
I: buccal fascia dorsal to the buccinator

35
Q

In the ruminant, what is the function of the rostral portion of the malaris?

A

it raises the caudal part of the cheek

36
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the caudal portion of the malaris?

A

O: masseteric fascia
I: lower eyelid

37
Q

In the ruminant, what is the function of the caudal portion of the malaris?

A

Depresses the lower eyelid and widens the palpebral fissure

Anatomy - Large Animal (21 decks)

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