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Anatomy - Large Animal > Female Reproduction > Flashcards

Female Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the components of the broad ligament?

A

mesovarium, mesosalpinx, and mesometrium

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2
Q

What does the broad ligament attach to in the cow?

A

the pelvic inlet

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3
Q

What does the mesovarium do?

A

attaches the ovary to the abdominal wall

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4
Q

What ligament is associated with the mesovarium?

A

the proper ligament of the ovary

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5
Q

What does the proper ligament of the ovary do?

A

connects the ovary to the uterine horn

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6
Q

What does the mesosalpinx do?

A

surrounds the ovary and holds the uterine tube between it’s two layers

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7
Q

What is the the ovarian bursa created by?

A

the mesosalpinx

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8
Q

In the dog, what is the structure of the ovarian bursa?

A

it entirely covers the ovary except for a small slit

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9
Q

In the cow, sow, and horse, what is the structure of the ovarian bursa?

A

it is less extensive and drapes over the ovary

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10
Q

What does the mesometrium do?

A

attaches the uterine horn do the abdominal wall

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11
Q

What ligament is associated with the mesometrium?

A

the round ligament of the uterus

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12
Q

What does the round ligament of the uterus do?

A

it is the caudal continuation of the proper ligament of the ovary that extends through the inguinal canal

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13
Q

What is the round ligament of the uterus homologous to in the male?

A

the gubernaculum

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14
Q

Where are the ovarian and uterine vessels located?

A

within the broad ligament

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15
Q

What is the function of the suspensory ligament of the ovary?

A

it is part of the mesovarium that connects to the last rib and ‘suspends’ the ovary

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16
Q

What is the intercornual ligament?

A

a ligament found between two uterine horns where the meet the uterine body

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17
Q

Where is the cortex located in domesticated species - not the horse?

A

outer area with the follicles

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18
Q

Where is the medulla located in domesticated species - not the horse?

A

in the center of the ovary

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19
Q

What is different about the horse ovary?

A

the medulla is on the outside and the cortex is a very small

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20
Q

What is the infundibulum?

A

the funnel-shaped end of the uterine tube

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21
Q

What is the fimbirae?

A

finger-like projections on the ingundibulum that direct the egg where to go

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22
Q

What is the abdominal opening of the uterine tube?

A

the opening in the center of the infundibulum that is the only opening of the peritoneal cavity to the outside

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23
Q

What species has the ovulation fossa?

A

the horse

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24
Q

What is the ovulation fossa?

A

a central depression in the ovary where ovulation consistently takes place

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25
When is the cervical canal open?
during estrous and birth
26
What species have the vaginal recess?
the horse and carnivores
27
What are pulvini?
mounds/cushions in the cervix that interdigitate and close the cervical canal
28
Which species have long uterine horns?
carnivores and the sow
29
Which species has uterine horns that are the same length as the uterine body?
the horse
30
Characterize the uterine horns and body of the ruminant.
long horns with a short uterine body, the uterine horns are coiled together and bound by intercornual ligaments
31
What species have placetomes?
ruminants
32
What is a placetome?
the maternal caruncles and the fetal cotyledon
33
What are uterine caruncles?
focal elevations in the uterus that serve as sites of attachments for respective cotyledons
34
What is the cotyledon?
the fetal part of the placenta
35
What species have the suburethral diverticulum?
the sow and the cow
36
What is the suburethral diverticulum?
blind pocket cranial and ventral to the external urethral opening, important in cathertitization
37
What is the vaginal fornix?
the cranioventral recess formed by the cervix bulging into the vagina - in mare and bitch
38
What species hase vestibular bulbs?
the mare and bitch
39
What are vestibular bulbs?
an organzed erectile venous plexus
40
What is the mammary gland?
a modified sweat gland
41
How do mammary glands reach full development?
lactation
42
How many mammae do mares have?
2
43
How many orifices does one mammae have in the mare?
two
44
How many mammae do cows have?
four
45
How many orifices does one mammae have in the cow?
one
46
What is one mammae in the cow considered?
a quarter
47
How many mamme do the ewe have?
two
48
When the mammae are only located in the inguinal region, what can they be called?
an udder
49
What holds the mammae in place?
two medial elastic laminae and two lateral fibroelastic laminae
50
what do the two medial elastic laminae of the suspensory apparatus create?
an intermammary groove
51
What do the two lateral fibroelastic laminae of the suspensory apparatus arise from?
the symphyseal tendon and aponeuroses of the abdominal oblique muscle
52
What does the suspensory apparatus attach to cranially?
the linea alba
53
What is the symphysial tendon?
the connection between the prepubic tendon and the pelvic symphysis - the suspensory apparatus attaches to this
54
What are the two parts of the lactiferous sinus?
glandular and teat sinuses
55
What is the path of milk through the udder?
alveolar duct to lactiferous duct to lactiferous sinus to papillary duct/teat canal
56
What is Furstenberg's rosette?
the radial folding of mucosa in the teat canal
57
What separates the glandular part from the teat sinus?
the annular fold
58
If the mammary gland in the cow is enlarged with milk, how will the medial and lateral laminae stretch?
the medial will stretch ventrally, the lateral will not move
59
How many serous membranes need to be incised to gain access to the lumen of the uterus in order to do a C-section?
two
60
What is the shape of the sow's cervix?
corkscrew
61
What is the parent artery of the ovarian artery in the cow and mare?
the abdominal aorta
62
What are the branches of the ovarian artery in the cow?
uterine and tubular branch
63
What is special about the middle uterine artery in the cow?
at approximately 5 months of pregnancy you can feel turbulence in this artery (fremitus) through rectal palpation
64
What are the branches of the vaginal artery in the cow?
ureteral, caudal vesicular, uterine, urethral, and middle rectal
65
What are the branches of the internal pudendal artery in the cow?
urethral, vestibular, ventral perineal, dorsal labial and clitoral
66
What does the external iliac artery terminate as in the cow and mare?
femoral artery and deep femoral
67
What is the main brainch of the pudendoepigastric trunk of the deep femoral in the cow and mare?
caudal epigastric and external pudendal
68
What are the branches of the external pudendal in the cow and mare?
caudal superficial epigastric and ventral labial
69
What are the branches of the ovarian artery in the mare?
tubular branch and uterine branch
70
What is the main brainch of the external iliac in the mare?
uterine artery
71
What are the branches of the internal iliac in the mare?
internal pudendal and caudal gluteal
72
What are the branches of the internal pudendal in the mare?
umbilical, vaginal, vestibular, ventral perineal, caudal rectal, and dorsal labial
73
What is the one branch of the umbilical artery in the mare?
cranial vesicular
74
What is are the branches of the vaginal in the mare?
ureteral, caudal vesicular, uterine branch, urethral branch, and middle rectal
75
What is the parent artery for the obuturator artery?
cranial gluteal
76
What is the branch of the obturator?
middle artery of the clitoris
77
What are the two primary roots for venous return in the cow udder?
externdal pudendal vein or the superficial caudal epigastric vein
78
What is another name for the superficial epigastric vein in the cow?
the milk vein
79
What is a tertiary roud for venous drainage in the cow udder?
the dorsal labial branch
80
What nerves supply the udder in the cow?
genitofemoral nerve (whole gland), iliohypogasteic and ilioinguinal (cranial part of gland), and mammary branch of pudendal (caudal part of gland)
81
What lymph node is associated with the mammary gland in the cow?
superficial inguinal lymph node
82
What are the branches of the umbilical artery in the cow?
cranial vesicular, middle uterine, and ureteral

Anatomy - Large Animal (21 decks)

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