Head and Neck Embryology Flashcards
the ectomesenchyme is derived from the
neural crest
neural crest cells delaminate from the _______ at the lateral margins of the _____ plate
neural crest cells delaminate from the NEUROECTODERM at the lateral margins of the NEURAL plate
the pre-otic crest is ______ to the otic placode, while the post-otic crest is ______
the pre-otic crest is ROSTRAL to the otic placode, while the post-otic crest is CAUDAL
pre-otic crest gives rise to which structures?
head/neck structures
post-otic (vagal) crest gives rise to which structures?
gut/heart
neural crest derivatives
- components of the eye (sclera)
- cranial nerve ganglia
- truncoconal septum
- odontoblasts
- pharyngeal arch cartilages
- dermis/hypodermis of face/neck
origin of ectomesenchyme of head/neck
pre-otic crest
origin of sensory and parasympathetic ganglia of head/neck
pre-otic crest and post-otic crest
origin of enteric ganglia
post-otic crest
origin of ectomesenchyme of head and neck
post-otic crest
origin of great vessels
post-otic crest
origin of sympathetic ganglia and DRG
cervical and thoracic crest
lumbosacral crest
origin of adrenal medulla at thoracic levels
cervical and thoracic crest
origin of enteric NS in distal colon
cervical and thoracic crest
origin of glia of PNS, meninges, pigment cells
all levels of neural crest
The 3 epithelial somites migrate to form
extraocular muscles
base of skull
The 4 occipital somites migrate to form
muscles of tongue
occipital bone
Rostral to the pre-otic somites, the paraxial mesoderm forms ________, which contribute to…
Rostral to the pre-otic somites, the paraxial mesoderm forms SOMITOMERES, which contribute to…
- m. of mastication, facial expression, pharynx, larynx.
- bones that undergo endochondral ossification
flat bones of skull are derived from
condensations of mesenchymal tissue (originally derives from neural crest)
pharyngeal arches emerge in which direction
rostral to caudal
each pharyngeal arch contains
cartilage (neural crest)
artery
nerve
muscle (via somitomeres)
cleft vs. pouch, which is external?
cleft –> EXTERNAL
pouch –> internal
clefts/pouches are named for arch above or below them?
immediately above
muscles of mastication
arch?
arch 1
muscles of facial expression
arch?
arch 2
stylopharyngeus m.
arch?
arch 3
Pharyngeal Constrictors (Sup., Middle, Inf.)
Cricothyroid
Levator Veli Palatini
arch?
arch 4
intrinsic m. of larynx
arch?
arch 6
which pharyngeal arch regresses?
arch 5
somitomeres contribute to which m.?
m. of mastication, facial expression, pharynx, larynx
