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Emma H&N > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

five facial swellings

A

1) frontonasal process
2/3) paired maxillary processes
4/5) paired mandibular processes

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2
Q

medial nasal processes develop into

A

intermaxillary prominence

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3
Q

cleft lip results from ________

A

cleft lip results from FAILURE OF INTERMAXILLARY PROMINENCE (fusion of medial nasal proceses) TO FUSE WITH MAXILLARY SWELLING

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4
Q

primary palate formed by _______

A

primary palate formed by INTERMAXILLARY SEGMENT OF NASAL PROCESS

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5
Q

secondary palate formed by ___________

A

secondary palate formed by:

PALATINE SHELVES from maxillae grow inward to fuse in midline

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6
Q

flat bones of the skull form from

A

condensation of mesenchymal tissue (INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFICATION) which originally derives from the neural crest

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7
Q

each arch contains

A
  • cartilagenous component
  • muscular component
  • an aortic arch
  • a nerve
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8
Q

arch 1 innervation

A

CN V

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9
Q

arch 2 innervation

A

CN VII

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10
Q

arch 3 innervation

A

CN IX

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11
Q

arch 4 innervation

A

CN X

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12
Q

arch 6 innervation

A

CN X

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13
Q

arch 1 : artery, skeletal, muscles, CN

A
  • Maxillary artery
  • incus, malleus, maxilla, zygomatic, squamous temporal, mandible
  • m. of mastication, accessory m of mastication
  • CN V (maxillary and mandibular div)
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14
Q

arch 2: artery, skeletal, muscles, CN

A
  • stapedial artery, corticotympanic a
  • stapes, styloid process, stylohyoid ligament, upper part of hyoid bone
  • muscles of facial expression, posterior digastric, stylohyoid, stapedius
  • CN VII
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15
Q

arch 3: artery, skeletal, muscles, CN

A
  • common carotid a
  • lower part of hyoid
  • stylopharyngeus
  • CN IX
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16
Q

arch 4: artery, skeletal, muscles, CN

A
  • arch of aorta, R subclavian a
  • laryngeal cartilages (thyroid cartilage, cricoid ring)
  • pharyngeal constrictors (sup/mid/inf), cricothyroid, levator veli palatini
  • CN X (superior laryngeal br)
17
Q

first cleft

A

external acoustic meatus

18
Q

cervical cysts/sinuses can arise from ________

A

cervical cysts/sinuses can arise from incomplete obliteration of remaining clefts

19
Q

first pouch

A

middle ear cavity

20
Q

second pouch

A

palatine tonsillar bed

21
Q

third pouch

A

inferior parathyroid gland and thymus

22
Q

fourth pouch

A

superior parathyroids

parafollicular cells of thyroid

23
Q

branchial cleft cyst: failure of obliteration of _________

A

branchial cleft cyst: failure of obliteration of SECOND branchial cleft in embryonic development

24
Q

inferior parathyroid gland is dragged down with _________ from _________ pouch

A

inferior parathyroid gland is dragged down with THYMUS from THIRD pouch

25
Q

derivatives of neural crest

A
  • components of eye
  • dermal bones of skull
  • pharyngeal arch cartilages
  • dermis/hypodermis of face and neck
  • odontoblasts
  • some cranial nerve ganglia
  • adrenal medulla
  • melanocytes
  • dorsal root and chain ganglia
26
Q

sensory to mucosa of anterior 2/3 tongue

A

arch 1

-lingual n (CN V3)

27
Q

taste buds in anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

arch 2

-chorda tympani (CN VII)

28
Q

taste/general sensation in posterior 1/3 of tongue

A

arch 3

-glossopharyngeal n (CN IX)

29
Q

taste/sensation from epiglottis

A

arch 4/6

-vagus n (CN X)

30
Q

muscles of tongue formed from _______

A

muscles of tongue formed from OCCIPITAL SOMITES

NOT pharyngeal arches

31
Q

extraocular m. and base of skull formed from ________

A

epithelial somites

32
Q

m. of mastication, facial expression, pharynx, larynx, and bones that undergo endochondral ossification are formed from which paraxial mesoderm structure?

A

somitomeres

33
Q

arch 6: artery, skeletal, muscles, CN

A
  • ductus arteriosus, roots of definitive pulmonary a.
  • laryngeal cartilage
  • intrinsic m. of larynx
  • CN X (recurrent laryngeal br.)
34
Q

occipital bone and vertebrae form via

A

somites, via endochondral ossification

Emma H&N (49 decks)

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