HDS/HDI Flashcards

1
Q

Cum se pregateste pacientul inainte de EDS?

A

-Pacientul sa nu manance cu min 6 ore inainte de examinare
-Discutie cu pacientul – prezentarea examinarii, avantaje, riscuri
-Consimtamant informat - obligatoriu!
-dupa examninare, pacientul nu se alimenteaza min 30 min

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2
Q

Cum se pregateste pacientul pentru EDI?

A

-cu 5 zile anterior examinarii - nu consuma alimente cu continut bogat in fibre
-cu 3 zile anterior examinarii
- NU - medicamente cu Fe
tranzit baritat
-cu o zi inainte de examinare/split (2 zile)
pregatire cu Fortrans
- Diaree osmotica
-4-6l lichid
-Diaree
-Clisme evacuatorii – seara si dimineata
-Nu se alimenteaza cu minim 12 ore inaintea examinarii

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3
Q

Cum se exteriorizeaza HDS?

A

Hematemeza
Hematochezie
Melena
Hemoragie oculta

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4
Q

Ce este melena?

A

emisia de scaune negre , lucioase, aderente, moi, miros caracteristic (sange digerat)

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5
Q

Ce este hematemeza?

A

varsatura cu sange proaspat, cheaguri sau in “zat de cafea”

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6
Q

Ce este hematochezia?

A

emisia de scaun cu sange rosu/visiniu cu/fara cheaguri

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7
Q

Poate fii hematochezia un semn al HDS?

A

Da
Cand este urmarea unei HDS,ea reflecta o hemoragie masiva+ un peristaltism accentuat

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8
Q

Cand vorbim despre HDS,la ce nivel apare ea?

A

hemoragia din segmentele digestive situate intre jonctiunea faringoesofagiana si cea duodenojejunala (unghiulTreitz)

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9
Q

Cand vorbim de HDI,la ce nivel apare?

A

sangerare localizata la nivelul colonului

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10
Q

Ce este hemoragia digestiva intermediara?

A

hemoragia la nivelul intestinului subtire (unghiul Traitz si valva ileocecala)

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11
Q

Cauzele HDS.

A

UG,UD
Varice esofagiene
Gastrita eroziva
Esofagita eroziva
Tumorile maligne
Sindromul Mallory - Weis

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12
Q

Semnele clinice generale care apar in HDS.

A

-forma usoara
Ameteala
Astenie
Tahicardie
Scaderea TA
-forma medie
Agitatie
Transpiratie rece
Setea
Lipotimia (la emisia scaunului)
-forma severa
Soc
Pierderea cunostiintei

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13
Q

Conduita terapeutica in HDS.

A

-Montare a min 2 linii venoase periferice cu debit mare (18G –branula albastra sau 20G –branula roz)
-clinostatism
-Oxigenoterapie
-Recoltari probe biochimice
-reechilibrare h-e
-Transfuzii
Terapie endoscopica
Tratament chirurgical

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14
Q

Cum se manifesta clinic HDI?

A

hematochezie
Melena (mai rar- tranzit incetinit)
fenomene generale

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15
Q

Cauzele HDI.

A

1 Diverticuloza colonica
2 Vasculare
angiodisplazia
colita radica
colita ischemica
hemoroizi
hemoragiile postpolipectomie
fisurile anale
3 Neoplazice
cancerul de colon si rect
4 Inflamatorii
BII
colitele innfectioase
ulcerele rectale

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