handout fc's Flashcards
what plays a major role in what children learn?
observation
who proposed a social learning theory which suggests that observation, imitation, and modeling play a primary role in observational learning?
Albert Bandura
bandura’s theory is similar to the behaviorists in that it combines what?
his own theory with the behavioral idea that all behaviors are learned through conditioning, and cognitive theories, which take into account psychological influences such as attention and memory
the first half of the 20th century was dominated by what psychological theory?
behaviorism
behaviorists believe what?
all learning is a direct result of experience with the environment through the processes of association and reinforcement, and learning was a result of reinforcement or punishment
bandura believed that the behaviorists were wrong in what aspect
he believed that direct reinforcement could not account for all types of learning
bandura proposed a social learning theory which suggested what
learning can also occur simply by observing others
3 things to know about social learning
- people learn through observation
- internal mental states are important to learning
- just because something has been learned does not mean it will result in a change in behavior
people can learn through observation example
children observed an adult violently treating a bobo doll which resulted in the children treating the doll in a similar way
three basic models of observational learning
- a live model
- a verbal instruction
- a symbolic model
a live model is
an individual demonstrates a behavior
verbal instruction is
descriptions explanations of behavior
a symbolic model is
real or fictional characters displaying behavior in books, films, television, movies, or online media
internal mental states are important to learning
- reinforcement does not always come from outside forces
- intrinsic reinforcement as a form of internal rewards such as pride, satisfaction, and a sense of accomplishment
- emphasis here helps connect learning theories to cognitive developmental theories
- Bandura describes his approach as social cognitive theory
just because something has been learned does not mean a change in behavior will occur
- observational learning demonstrates people can learn new information without demonstrating new behaviors, although behaviorists would not agree
- , not all observed behaviors are effectively learned
- the model and the learner play a role in whether learning is successful