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Psychology of Criminal Behavior > chapter 8 > Flashcards

chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI)

A

t

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2
Q

mental illness

A

a disorder or disease of the mind that is judged by experts to interfere substantially with a person’s ability to cope with life on a daily basis

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3
Q

mental disorder does not

A

does not imply that a person is sick and needs to be pitied

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4
Q

mental retardation

A

known as developmental disability, measured by IQ tests and cannot be cured

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5
Q

the DSM-IV Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders

A

the committed appointed by the American psychiatric association

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6
Q

specific reasons for mental disorders 2

A
  1. persons with these disorders are not crime prone

2. even if an individual is diagnosed with these disorders, he or she still can e held responsible for criminal conduct

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7
Q

yje four categories of mental disorders most relevant

A
  1. schizophrenic disorders
  2. paranod disorders
  3. mood disorders
  4. personality disorder called antisocial peronsality disorder
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8
Q

schizophrenic disorders

A

the mental disorder that people most often associate with crazy behavior since it frequently manifests itself in highly bizarre actions. a small portion of violent crimes are committed by schizophrenics

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9
Q

delusions

A

false beliefs about the world

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10
Q

hallucinations

A

involves sensing or perceiving things or events that others do not sense or perceive

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11
Q

there are five charectritsocs of schizophrenia in the dsm which there must be two of identified before a diagnoses can be made

A
  1. delusion
  2. halluncations
  3. disorganized speech
  4. grossly disorganized
  5. innapprorpate affect
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12
Q

five subtypes of schizophrenia

A
  1. disorganized
  2. catatonic
  3. paranoid
  4. undifferentiated
  5. residual
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13
Q

disorganized type

A

show innapprprate affect

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14
Q

catatonic type

A

severe disturbances in muscular and voluntary movement

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15
Q

paranoid type

A

characterized by delusions and hallucinations

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16
Q

undifferentiated type

A

shows psychotic symptoms that cannot be classified into any of the foregoing categories

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17
Q

residual type

A

have had at least one episode

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18
Q

delusional disorders

A

also called paranoid disorders, are characterized by the presence pf one or more non bizarre delusions that persist for at least one month

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19
Q

schizophreniform disorder

A

shows at least two indicators of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized difficulty in classifying schizophrenic disorders in general

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20
Q

major depressive disorders

A

also known as affective/mood/and bipolar depressive disorders. include extremely depressed state that lasts for at least two weeks, and is accompanied by a generalized slowing down of mental and physical activity, gloom, despair, feelings of worthlessness, and perhaps frequent thoughts of suicide

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21
Q

antisocial personality disorder

A

apd

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22
Q

conduct disorder

A

reserved for children and adolescents before they can be diagnosed with apd

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23
Q

competency and criminal reposnsibility

A

a decision must e made here to see if the client is mentally sound enough to have committed the crime and be put in jail

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24
Q

incompetency to stand trial

A
  1. the adjucattive competence
  2. competence to stand trial
  3. incompetance to stand trial
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25
the adjucatative competence
used rather than competence to stand trial
26
competence to stand trial
represent the most common referral for criminally related foresnic assessments. most referred to this have a history of psychiatric care for institonlization
27
incompetence to stand trial (IST)
there is a difernec between insanity and and incompetence to stand trial. criminal reposnsibilty, which is st the core of the insanity defense, and competency to stand trial refer to defendants mental and capacity ay the two fiffernect points in time
28
insanity is a legal term not a psychiatric or pshycvohlogal one
t
29
how successful is the insanity defense
there is a 22-25 % success rate
30
when is the insanity defense most often used
when a defendant is charged with a serious offense and the evidence is overwhelming
31
insanity standards
1. irrationality | 2. compulsion
32
irrationality and compulsion
when a person is not in control of his or her mental processes
33
the M'Naghten rule
a man who killed another man because ehe thought some one was going to kill him. he was deranged
34
right and wrong test
1. being aware of what one is doing | 2. knowing or realizing right from wrong in the moral sense
35
brawner rule
the insanity rule
36
caveat paragraph
intended to disallow the insanity defense for criminal psychopaths who peersisnarly violate social mores and laws
37
durham rule
thee is nothing in the Durham rule that relates dirty to the persons mental judgment
38
insanity defense reform act of 1984
kept the defense in the federal law but modified it in important work
39
crimes related to depressive disorders
1. murder 2. shootings 3. workplace violence 4. suicide by cop
40
volitional prong
ablished the irresitsable impulse test.
41
guilty but mentally 111 (GBMI)
was an alternative to, not a susbsitiute for, the NGRI verdict.
42
unique defenses
1. ptsd 2. pathalogical gamblers syndrome 3. DID 4. amnesia
43
PTSD
the development of charactersitc symptoms following exposure to extreme traumatic stress or involving direct peronal expereience of an event that invlves actual or thretatened death or serious injury, or other threat to one's physical integrity 1-2 percent of all americans have this dissociated state battered woman syndrome
44
dissocoated state
refers to symptoms in which the individual feels detached from themselves and their surroundings and basically loses some contact with reality
45
battered woman syndrome
sometimes considered a variant of ptsd
46
pathalogical gambler's syndrome
began with psychoanalytic case studies during the early part of twentieth century may affect as little as 1-3 percent of the adult population
47
DID
formerly called MPD which is the existsance within the peroson of two or more distinct personalities or personality states that recurrently take control of behavior iatrogenic
48
iatrogenic
when clinicians purposefully looks for signs of DID
49
amnesia
the complete or partial memory loss of an event, series of events, or some segment of lifes expereiences, either due to physiscal trauma, neurophysioclogcal disturbance, or psyhcolocal factors
50
limited amnesia
pathalogical inability to remember a specific episodes from the recent . past
51
mental disorder and violence
as individuals those who are mentally ill are no more likley yo commit crimes than any other. in public insistituins the hosptilazatoins and inpatient care of the mentally ill has gone down
52
research on the violence pf the mentally disordered
mentally ill people are on more likley t o commit crimes . than any pther percentage of the population but there are subset of some which are ususlly male who have history of a least one violent incident, mentally ill. individuals with schizophrenia are more likley to commmit crimes of viollnce and murder. even so over 90% of people are not violent
53
the macarthur research network
reserach done on potentilly violent mentally disorderd people.
54
the research done by the macarthur network found what
1. mentalillness is not a good predictor of violence 2. the disorder most closely associatd with violenbce is schizophrenia 3. the group of people associated with violence who have schizphrenia are heterogeneous 4. males with schizophrenia and score high on the PCI-R are more at risk for vioence 5. violence is associated with serious mental disorder especually when past violece is reported 6. violents seems to be an accumulation of risk factors unique to the individual
55
police and the mentally disordered
1. police ay be more apt to arrest the mentally disordeed | 2. alcholism and other abuses are likely to be reaosn sfor calling the police in
56
mentally disordered patients
there are some inmates that have mental issues and ths does not mean they are seriously mentally diosrdered but they may need some assiatnce
57
diagnoses of mentally disordered inmates
many may have been doagnosed with apd and some data was collected fromthe inmates themselevs so the information may not be that valid some are put in solitary confinement some are transferred although they can refuse to be
58
dangerousness and assesment of risk
1. risk assessment 2. the tarasoff case 3. predictors of dangerous behavior 4. current risk assessment measure
59
dangerousness
pervades much of the criminal law and approach in civil law as well
60
risk assessment
suggest that clinicians and researchers are more proficient at assessing the probbaliilty that a given individua or group of individuals will engage in harmful behavuor than they are outrightly predicting that someone will be violent
61
the tarasoff case
a case in which a student revlead to his psychatriats that he fantazsized about harming, or perhaps killing wimen whom he had met at a dance
62
duy to warn
when a pateint is at serious risk of ebing a danger to themselves or anotehr person
63
duty to protect
changed from duty to warn take steps to protect the indiidual from harm
64
false positive
a descriptor we use to describe persons who are labeled dangerous who do not engage in cirminal behavior
65
true posisitive
perosns who are labeled as dangerous and are
66
false negetives
we dont believe they will bt they do commit crime
67
true negetives
we dont beleiev they would and they dont ommit crimes
68
predictors of dangerous behavior
past behavior
69
current risk assesment measures
risk assessment instruments evaluate a person based on informtion obtained from interviews or from case files about background and behavorial patterns

Psychology of Criminal Behavior (11 decks)

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