haemolytic anaemia

Question 1

what

Answer 1

destruction of RBCs (haemolysis) leading to anaemia

Question 2

inherited hemolytic anaemias

Answer 2

hereditary spherocytosis
thalasseamia
sickle cell anaemia
G6PD deficiency

Question 3

acquired haemolytic anaemias

Answer 3

autoimmune hameolytic anaemia
alloimmune haemolytic anaemia
proxysmal haemolytic anaemia 
microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia 
prosthetic valve related haemolysis

Question 4

features

Answer 4

anaemia
splenomegaly
jaundice

Question 5

what does FBC show

Answer 5

normocytic anaemia

Question 6

what does blood film show

Answer 6

schistocytes

Question 7

direct coombs test result

Answer 7

positive if autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

Question 8

hereditary spherocytosis: blood film

Answer 8

spherocytes

Question 9

hereditary spherocytosis: Mx

Answer 9

folate supplements

splenectomy

Question 10

hereditary spherocytosis: autosomal….

Answer 10

autosomal dominant

Question 11

G6PD deficiency: inheritance

Answer 11

x-linked recessive

Question 12

G6PD deficiency: blood film

Answer 12

Heinz bodies

Question 13

G6PD deficiency: medications triggering haemolysis

Answer 13

primaquine
ciprofloxacin
sulfonylureas
sulfasalazine

Question 14

autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

Answer 14

antibodies created against red blood cells

Question 15

autoimmune haemolytic anaemia : warm type

Answer 15

idiopathic

CLL

Question 16

autoimmune haemolytic anaemia: cold type

Answer 16

CHAD
lymphoma
infection: EBV, CMV, mycoplasma

Question 17

autoimmune haemolytic anaemia: Mx

Answer 17

blood transfusion
prednisilone
rituximab
splenectomy

Question 18

Alloimmune Haemolytic Anaemia: occurs when

Answer 18

foreign RBCs circulating in patients blood causing immune reaction
or
foreign antibody circulating in heir blood that targers their RBCs

Question 19

Alloimmune Haemolytic Anaemia: scenarios where this occurs

Answer 19

transfusion reactions

haemolytic disease of newborn

Question 20

Alloimmune Haemolytic Anaemia: haemolytic transfusion reactions

Answer 20

immune system produces antibodies against antigens on foreign RBCs

–> destruction of RBCs

Question 21

Alloimmune Haemolytic Anaemia: haemolytic disease of newborn

Answer 21

antibodies cross placenta from mum to baby

maternal antibodies target antigens on featal RBCs

Question 22

microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia

Answer 22

small blood vesels have structural abnormalities that cause haemolysis of blood cells travelling hrough them

• DIC
• HUS
• TTP
• SLE

Question 23

prosthetic valve haemolysis

Answer 23

haemolyic anaemia key complication of prosthetic heart valves

due to turbulence around valve and collision of RBCs with implanted valve

Question 24

prosthetic valve haemolysis Mx

Answer 24

monioring
oral iron
blood tranfusion if severe
?revision surgery