Haematology

Question 1

Haemarthrosis without trauma is typically a feature of

Answer 1

Haemophilia

Question 2

Normal/increased/reduced for the following if the patient has haemophilia
APTT
PT
bleeding time

Answer 2

APTT - increased
PT - normal
Bleeding time - normal

Question 3

Normal/increased/reduced for the following if the patient has von wilebrand disease
APTT
PT
bleeding time

Answer 3

APTT - increased
PT - normal
Bleeding time - increased

Question 4

‘starry sky appearance’ think

Answer 4

Burkitt’s lymphoma

Question 5

myeloproliferative disorders can progress into

Answer 5

Acute myeloid leukaemia

Question 6

Which mutation is commonly associated with myeloproliferative disorders?

Answer 6

JAK2 mutation

Question 7

Main FBC finding in polycythaemia

Answer 7

Raised Hb

Question 8

Tear dropped shaped RBCs (poikilocytes) are seen in

Answer 8

Myelofibrosis

Question 9

First line treatment of polycythaemia

Answer 9

Venesection

Question 10

Inheritance pattern for von wilebrands disease

Answer 10

Autosomal dominant

Question 11

Haemophilia A - deficiency in

Answer 11

Factor XIII

Question 12

Haemophilia B - deficiency in

Answer 12

Factor IX

Question 13

Inheritance pattern for Haemophilia A and B

Answer 13

X linked recessive

- afects males

Question 14

Recognised treatment for haemophilia A

Answer 14

Dedmopressin

Factor VIII supplementation

Question 15

Philadelphia chromosome is associated with

Answer 15

Chronic myeloid leukaemia

Question 16

Massive splenomegaly occurs in chronic myeloid leukaemia. True or false?

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Howel jolly bodies - think

Answer 17

Splenectomy

Question 18

What inheritance pattern does sickle cell disease carry

Answer 18

Autosomal recessive

Question 19

Urinary bence jones proteins - think

Answer 19

Myeloma

Question 20

Protein C deficiency, antithrombin III deficiency and factor V leiden are all causes of

Answer 20

thrombophilia

Question 21

What has a SHORTER duration of action

• LMWH
• unfractioned heparin

Answer 21

Unfractioned heparin

Question 22

Which has better prognosis:

• low grade non-hodgkins lymphoma
• high grade non-hodgkins lymphoma

Answer 22

High grade non-hodgkins lymphoma

Question 23

Burkitts lymphoma is associated with which infection

Answer 23

EBV

Question 24

Pruritis developing after a hot bath makes you think of which condition

Answer 24

Polycythaemia rubra vera

Question 25

If someone has microcytic anaemia with profound microcytosis, what do you think?

Answer 25

Thalassaemia

Question 26

``` Newborn baby with prolonged jaundice and anaemia of unknown cause. Blood film shows reticulocytosis with round red cells. Direct coomb's test -ve. What is most likely - hereditary spherocytosis - haemolytic disease of the newborn ```

Answer 26

Hereditary spherocytosis

Question 27

Patients with G6PD deficiency are highly susceptible to developing haemolysis when given which drug?

Answer 27

Nitrofurantoin

Question 28

The characteristic triad of - splenomegaly - neutropenia - rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 28

Felty's syndrome

Question 29

Sudden onset of bleeding in a young child after trivial viral illness suggests

Answer 29

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Question 30

Which of the following combinations of blood results are most likely to be seen in sickle cell patients Haemoglobin: increased/normal/reduced Reticulocyte count: increased/normal/reduced MCV: increased/normal/reduced

Answer 30

Haemoglobin: reduced Reticulocyte count: increased MCV: normal AKA normocytic anaemia with raised reticulocyte count

Question 31

Subacute degeneration of the spinal cord with which anaemia

Answer 31

Vitamin B12 deficiency - proprioception gone - can't balance properly

Question 32

If iron deficiency anaemia present, and you give the patient iron supplement, what is the first thing that should change on the bloods?

Answer 32

Reticulocytes | - an appropriate response would be a high reticulocyte count

Question 33

WHat is the test that measures different types of Hb. Indicated in ?thalassaemia?

Answer 33

Hb electrophoresis

Question 34

A 7-year-old girl has a history of intermittent jaundice and fatigue, usually occurring just after she has had a cold.  Her Dad had a splenectomy as a child. Her laboratory results are as follows: Hb                                           90 g/L MCV                                       85 fl WBC                                       6 x 109/l Platelets                                 550 x 109/l Bilirubin                                 50 µmol/l What condition might this suggest?

Answer 34

Haemolysis | Probs autoimmune haemolysis

Question 35

Microcytic anaemia. Defect in - cytoplasm - nucleus

Answer 35

Cytoplasm | - ie problem with haemoglobinisation

Question 36

- Serum ferritin = normal or increased - % transferrin saturation = reduced - MCV = normal (can be reduced) What pitcture does this suggest?

Answer 36

Anaemia of chronic disease

Question 37

Which antiplatelet inhibits COX

Answer 37

Aspirin

Question 38

What is the antidote for heparin?

Answer 38

Protamine sulphate

Question 39

What are the 4 Vitamin K dependent factors?

Answer 39

II, VII, IX, X

Question 40

DIC is caused by (examples)

Answer 40

Massive blood loss RTA Obstetric emergencies

Question 41

Mild transfusion reaction. Is it safe to continue with the transfusion?

Answer 41

Yes - but slow it down

Question 42

Best place to take bone marrow biopsy in a child

Answer 42

Tibia

Question 43

Best place to take bone marrow biopsy in a young adult

Answer 43

Femur

Question 44

Best place to take bone marrow biopsy in an adult

Answer 44

PSIS | Sternum

Question 45

Patient with recurrent nose bleeds and infections after chemotherapy. Which type of anaemia?

Answer 45

Aplastic anaemia

Question 46

What do burr cells indicate

Answer 46

Uraemia

Question 47

Howel jolly bodies - hypersplenism - hyposplenism

Answer 47

Hyposplenism

Question 48

Philadelphia chromosome with which leukaemia

Answer 48

CML

Question 49

severe itch after hot bath think

Answer 49

Polycythaeia rubra vera

Question 50

First line pain relief for bony mets

Answer 50

Ibuprofen