Geriatrics Flashcards
First line heart failure management (and MOA)
ACE inhibitor
- (decreases RAAS overactivity, prevents excess salt and water accumulation)
Beta blocker
- (decreases HR, increases isovolumetric relaxation time)
Causes of heart failure
Structural abnormality must be present - hypertension - valvular heart disease - alcohol related etc
In heart failure, the ECG will always be abnormal. True or false?
True
- it is
What are the 4 just in case medications (and indications)
Pain/breathlessness - morphine
Nausea - levomepromazine
Secretions - hyoscine (buscapan)
Microalbuminurea - what medication might be used?
ACE inhibitor
Oxybutynin has which type of side effects?
Anti-cholinergic
- can’t see (blurred vision)
- can’t pee
- can’t spit (dry mouth)
- can’t shit (constipation)
Psychiatric side effects of steroids?
Can precipitate a psychosis
PPIs can increase risk of C. diff. True or false?
True
Common electrolyte disturbance with PPI?
Hyponatraemia
Key symptoms of opiate toxicity
Pinpoint pupils
resp depression
drowsy
myoclonic jerking
MST long or short acting?
Long acting
severe renal impairment - what drug do you prescribe for pain?
Fentanyl
HAP treatment severe
Amoxicillin + Gentamicin
Someone with alcohol withdrawal. What do you give?
Benzodiazepines
Constipation treatment 2 categories
Hard stool issues
Stimulant issue
What type of laxative is a senna?
- stimulant
- softener
- osmotic laxative
Stimulant
- speeds up gut transit
What type of laxative is laxido?
- stimulant
- softener
- osmotic laxative
osmotic laxative
What type of laxative is lactulose?
- stimulant
- softener
- osmotic laxative
osmotic laxative
Laxido dosing
Up to 6 sachets per 24 hours
mix with 125ml water
Senna dosing
15mg / day
Power of attorney - what is it
Grant someone powers to make decisions on your behalf
What is guardianship
Patient doesn’t have capacity when it is put in place
