H15

Question 1

Political Psychology

Answer 1

The application of what is known about human psychology to the study of politics

Question 2

Operational code

Answer 2

The beliefs of leaders that influence political actions

Question 3

Vooruitzichttheorie (Prospect theory)

Answer 3

stelt dat de voorkeur van beslissingen bij onzekerheid afhankelijk is van de omstandigheden. Zo is de inschatting van kansen en risico’s niet absoluut, maar relatief ten opzichte van de voorgaande situatie

Question 4

Groupthink

Answer 4

Specific situations can lead to a weak decision in a small group

Question 5

Theory of planned behaviour

Answer 5

De directe determinant van gedrag is de intentie om het uit te voeren

Question 6

Michigan model

Answer 6

Orientation, positive or negative, consists of a system of forces that lead voters to one of the political parties

Question 7

Partisan attitudes

Answer 7

6 forces

Question 8

Party identification

Answer 8

Identification with Republicans or Democrats through family influence and group memberships

Question 9

Hot-cognition hypothesis

Answer 9

Hot cognition is a hypothesis on motivated reasoning in which a person’s thinking is influenced by their emotional state.

Question 10

Taber and Lodge identified 3 mechanisms that lead to the biased processing of new information

Answer 10

1. The disconfirmation bias
2. The confirmation bias
3. The prior-attitude effect

Question 11

1. The disconfirmation bias

Answer 11

Mensen doen meer moeite om tegenargumenten te formuleren en accepteren zonder kritiek informatie die congruent is met bestaande attitudes

Question 12

2. The confirmation bias

Answer 12

Mensen zijn voortdurend op zoek naar informatie die past bij hun huidige houding en niet naar informatie die eerdere houdingen weerlegt

Question 13

3. The prior-attitude effect

Answer 13

Mensen met een sterke voorkeur voeren overtuigender argumenten aan die overeenkomen met deze voorkeur

Question 14

Post-materialism

Answer 14

A general theory of value change, by Ronald Inglehart.
> It describes a shift in individual and societal priorities from survival-based needs to needs related to self-expression.