H&N 4: Oral & Nasal Cavities #2

Question 1

What is function of mandibular nerve?

Answer 1

• provides sensory supply to lower part of mouth, floor + ant. part of tongue + teeth

Question 2

What is function of lingual nerve?

Answer 2

• provides general sensation to ant. 2/3 of tongue

- also supplies floor of mouth

Question 3

What is the origin + function of chorda tympani?

Answer 3

• from facial nerve

- brings taste fibres to ant. 2/3 of tongue

Question 4

What is function of inf. alveolar nerve?

Answer 4

supply lower teeth

Question 5

What is mental branch?

Answer 5

supply skin of chin

Question 6

What is the nerve to mylohyoid?

Answer 6

motor branch

Question 7

What is the function of the maxillary nerve branches?

Answer 7

supplies mucous mem of roof of oral cavity

Question 8

What is function of branches of mandibular div (lingual nerve)?

Answer 8

• supplies lat. walls + floor of mucous mem of oral cavity

- supplies ant. belly of digastric + mylohyoid?

Question 9

What is function of facial nerve?

Answer 9

supplies muscle in lat. walls of oral cavity

Question 10

What nerve supplies geniohyoid?

Answer 10

C1 fibres

Question 11

What are teeth supplied by?

Answer 11

• alveolar branches of maxillary (upper)

- mandibular nerve (lower)

Question 12

Where does the tongue lie?

Answer 12

• ant. 2/3 in oral cavity

- post. 1/3 in oropharynx

Question 13

What is the tongue + its function?

Answer 13

• mobile, muscular organ (intrinsic + extrinsic) covered by mucous mem
• involved with mastication, taste, deglutiton (swallowing), articulation + oral cleansing

Question 14

Where are taste fibres located?

Answer 14

• fungiform (keratinised) + vallate papillae

Question 15

What is the function of the vallate papillae?

Answer 15

joins ant. + post. part of tongue

Question 16

What is function of glossopharygeal?

Answer 16

post 1/3 taste + sensation

Question 17

What is root of tongue supplied by?

Answer 17

vagus - for taste + sensation

Question 18

What is the function of intrinsic + extrinsic muscles?

Answer 18

• intrinsic: change shape of tongue

- extrinsic: change its pos

Question 19

List the extrinsic muscles + where they attach from?

Answer 19

1. Palatoglossus - from soft palate
2. Styloglossus - from styloid process
3. Hyoglossus - from hyoid
4. Genioglossus - from mandible genu (bend)

Question 20

What is function of hypoglossal?

Answer 20

supplies styloglossus, genioglossus + hyoglossus

Question 21

How does nerve supply for general sensation vary across the tongue?

Answer 21

• ant: lingual (mandibular div of V)
• post 1/3: glossopharyngeal
• root: vagus

Question 22

How does nerve supply for taste vary across the tongue?

Answer 22

• ant: chorda tympani
• post 1/3: glossopharyngeal
• root: vagus

Question 23

What is function of salivary glands?

Answer 23

• small ones keep mouth moist

- large ones secrete in response to food entering mouth

Question 24

List 3 pairs of large salivary glands + its secretion

Answer 24

1. parotid (serous)
2. sublingual (mucus)
3. submandibular (mixed)

Question 25

Where does the parotid duct enter?

Answer 25

- enters mouth near upper 2nd molar tooth | - pierces buccinator

Question 26

Where does the submandibular duct enter?

Answer 26

floor of mouth

Question 27

Where does the sublingual gland enter?

Answer 27

- 16-20 short ducts which open into floor of mouth

Question 28

What are the functions of the major glands?

Answer 28

- moisten food, dissolving chem which stim taste bud | - moisture in saliva helps turn food into bolus to aid swallowing + contains enz which begins process of digestion

Question 29

What are the functions of the minor glands?

Answer 29

- maintaining oral hygiene | - flushes oral surfaces + helps to control level of bacteria

Question 30

What is function of ext. carotid?

Answer 30

provides blood supply to mouth

Question 31

What is function of lingual artery?

Answer 31

supplies tongue on both sides

Question 32

Describe the 1st route of the veins of the tongue

Answer 32

- post. lingual veins drain dorsum + sides of tongue + join lingual vein which accompanies artery - near greater cornu of hyoid, lingual vein joins int. jugular

Question 33

Describe the 2nd route of the veins of the tongue

Answer 33

- deep lingual vein begins near tip of tongue + turns backwards on its ant. surface - near border of hyglossus, it joins sublingual vein which runs along course of hypoglossal + joins facial vein

Question 34

What is the tongue ant. + post. to vallate papillae drained into + route afterwards?

Answer 34

- ant 2/3: central + marginal lymph vessels - post 1/3: drain into post. lymph vessels - then enter series of nodes where efferent vessels drain into nodes surrounding SCM

Question 35

What is sig about submental nodes in ant. tongue + nodes in post. tongue?

Answer 35

- easier to pick up cancers in ant. part | - harder to see + pick up cancers in post, part

Question 36

List functions of nose + nasal cavity?

Answer 36

1. provides airway for resp 2. moistens + warms inspired air 3. filters air to remove foreign particles 4. houses olfactory receptors 5. acts as resonating chamber for speech

Question 37

What does the ext. part of nose consist of?

Answer 37

cartilages covered by skin

Question 38

What does the int. part of nose consist of?

Answer 38

- skin | - hairs which filter air

Question 39

What is the nasal cavity mucosa + its function?

Answer 39

- PS ciliated columnar with goblet cells - lamina propria contain glands with serous + mucus acini - produce mucus which forms sticky sheet covering surface of nasal cavity - dust, bacteria, pollen + viruses stick to it + cilia waft material to nasopharynx where its swallowed + destroyed in acidic env of stomach

Question 40

What is the function of the conchae?

Answer 40

- create turbulence in air which gets dust particles on walls for cilia to move them away - moisten air from mucus gland secretions - vascular mucous mem with capillary plexuses in lamina propria lots of blood for keeping air warm