H&N 4: Oral & Nasal Cavities #1

Question 1

What is the function of the mouth?

Answer 1

• gateway to GI system

- where food + drink initially tasted, mixed with saliva, masticated + if deemed palatable, voluntarily swallowed

Question 2

What is food processing through the gut like?

Answer 2

• automatic

- go down pharynx, oesophagus + stomach

Question 3

List 2 areas oral cavity made up of

Answer 3

1. Vestibule

2. Oral cavity proper

Question 4

What is the vestibule?

Answer 4

• space between teeth + mucosal inner lining of cheeks + lips
• communicates with behind last molar tooth (3rd for most)

Question 5

What is the oral cavity proper?

Answer 5

space contained within the upper + lower dental arches + filled by tongue when mouth open

Question 6

What is under the palatopharyngeal arch?

Answer 6

palatopharyngeus

Question 7

What does the palatine tonsil form part of?

Answer 7

ring of lymphoid tissue found in oral cavity

Question 8

What is under the palatoglossal arch?

Answer 8

Palatoglossus

Question 9

Where is the hard palate?

Answer 9

behind upper teeth

Question 10

What is function of soft palate?

Answer 10

cuts nasal from oral cavity during swallowing

Question 11

Why does the tongue have a rough surface?

Answer 11

due to keratinisation

Question 12

How does the mucous mem of bottom of tongue compare to top?

Answer 12

thinner

Question 13

What is lingual frenulum?

Answer 13

connects tongue to floor of mouth

Question 14

What does the skeleton of the oral cavity consist of?

Answer 14

• maxilla + palatine - form roof

- maxilla + mandible with dental arches form ant. boundary

Question 15

What does the floor + post. walls of oral cavity formed by + sig?

Answer 15

• soft tissues

- poss to put food in mouth

Question 16

What is the function of the maxilla?

Answer 16

• forms ant. boundary of upper part of oral cavity
• forms ant. 2/3 of roof
• sep oral from nasal cavity

Question 17

What is the remaining 1/3 of roof formed by?

Answer 17

• palatine (horizontal plate) to which soft palate attached

Question 18

List the muscles of the soft palate (post. aspect)

Answer 18

• levator palati
• palatopharyngeus
• palatoglossus
• tensor palati

Question 19

What is function of levator + tensor palati?

Answer 19

tense + raise soft palate to close off nasal cavity during swallowing

Question 20

What is the function of palatopharyngeus + palatoglossus?

Answer 20

hold soft palate down so still breathe while chewing + food doesn’t go from oral cavity into pharynx + resp system

Question 21

What is the function of buccinator + nerve its supplied by?

Answer 21

• push cheek towards teeth to stop food entering vestibule during chewing
• supplied by facial nerve

Question 22

What is function of genioglossus and its origin?

Answer 22

• forms bulk of tongue
• comes from mandible bend
• use to poke tongue out

Question 23

Where is geniohyoid located?

Answer 23

from bend in mandible to hyoid bone

Question 24

What is function of ant. belly of digastric + mylohyoid + what are they supplied by?

Answer 24

• relax to allow food to enter mouth
• move larynx up during swallowing to get it out of the way
• mandibular division of V

Question 25

What is the floor of the mouth formed by?

Answer 25

• mucuous mem
• muscles:
• mylohyoid
• geniohyoid
• ant. belly of digastric

Question 26

What is the function of the raphe in the floor of the mouth?

Answer 26

where 2 halves of mylohyoid meet

Question 27

Where is the parotid gland located?

Answer 27

fills space between mastoid process + mandible ramus

Question 28

What are the lips?

Answer 28

• mobile muscular folds (orbicularis oris) surrounding the mouth externally by skin + internally by mucous mem

Question 29

What is the vermillion border + its sig?

Answer 29

• transitional zone between skin of lips + mucous mem

- doesn’t contain glands so lips need to be licked to moisten them

Question 30

What is the role of the muscles of the face?

Answer 30

• facial expression

- functioning of the mouth

Question 31

What is the function of the lips?

Answer 31

• form seal preventing food preventing food falling out of mouth during mastication
• form seal around any vessel pressed against them so liquid enters mouth + doesn’t drip between mouth + cup

Question 32

What is closure of mouth + sealing of lips also important for?

Answer 32

swallowing

Question 33

List the contents of the oral cavity?

Answer 33

• teeth
• tongue
• ducts of salivary glands

Question 34

What is the function of the laryngopharynx?

Answer 34

when swallow, move forward to stop food going down trachea

Question 35

What does mouth communicate with post.?

Answer 35

oropharynx

Question 36

How many teeth are there and when do they arise?

Answer 36

• 32

- 6-18yrs

Question 37

What is the peridontal lig?

Answer 37

collagen fibres that attach from root of tooth into bone

Question 38

What is function of peridontal lig?

Answer 38

acts as shock absorber when eat something hard to allow movement of teeth + prevent shattering

Question 39

How are the teeth arranged?

Answer 39

• into quarters

- 8 teeth in each