H&N 3: Cranial Nerve Overview #2 Flashcards
Which nerves are involved in speech?
V, VII, X, XII
What are functions of XI + XII?
XI - shrugging shoulders
XII - movement + protrusion of tongue
Which structures are ass with ant. cranial fossa?
- cribiform plate: olfactory nerve, meninges
- optic foramen: optic nerve, opthalmic artery
Which structures are ass with middle cranial fossa?
- SOF (between greater + lesser wings of sphenoid): III, IV, V1, VI, opthalmic veins
What are the attachments of the optic nerve?
- lat geniculate nucleus - where optic radiation goes through fibres to visual cortex
Where does oculomotor nerve originate and what does it control?
- midbrain
- all extraocular muscles (except sup. oblique + lat. rectus) + levator palpebrae superioris
- pupillary constriction
Describe the course of oculomotor nerve
- passes between sup. cerebellar + post cerebral arteries
- pierces dura mater + runs along lat. wall of cavernous sinus
List the muscles of the eye that oculomotor supplies
- Levator palpebrae superioris
- Sup. rectus
- Inf. oblique
- Inf. rectus
List the muscle of the eye that trochlear supplies
Sup. oblique
What eye muscle does abducens supply and what is its function?
- motor supply to lat. rectus
- move eyes laterally (side to side)
List the nerves and vessels that come through: F. rotundum, F. ovale, F. spinosum, F. lacerum, Carotid canal + IAM
- F. rotundum - maxillary V2
- F. ovale - mandibular V3
- F. spinosum - middle meningeal artery
- F. lacerum - crossed by int. carotid artery
- Carotid canal - Int. carotid
- IAM - VII, VIII, labryrinthine artery
Where does sensory fibres of intracranial region come through?
SOF
What gives fibres to upper and lower teeth?
- upper: sup. alveolar nerves
- lower: inf. alveolar nerve
Where do fibres from the motor cortex in the brain go to?
- through thalamus down to pontine trigeminal nucleus of CN V
- then sends motor fibres to muscles of mastication
What are the functions of the facial nerve?
- controls muscles for used for facial expression
- stimulates salivary glands to produce saliva
Where is the facial nerve located?
- just below ear + passes through parotid (salivary) canal
What are some parts of the facial nerve that carries sensation?
- part carries sensation from outside of ear
- part carries taste sensations from ant. 2/3 of tongue
List motor branches of facial nerve to muscles of facial expression
- Temporal
- Zygomatic
- Buccal
- Mandibular
- Cervical
Is there a phys passage between IAM + EAM?
no
Which nerves come through the jugular foramen and its associations?
- IX, X, XI
- inf. petrosal sinus
- sigmoid sinus
Which nerves come through the hypoglossal foramen + foramen magnum?
- hypoglossal foramen: XII
- foramen magnum: midbrain runs sup. through opening to join with diencephalon
- vert artery, XI (spinal), meninges, CSF
What is glossopharyngeal sensory and motor to?
- sensory to oropharynx, post. part of tongue, tonsil
- motor component to stylopharyngeus, pharyngeal musculature
What does the vagus nerve control, and where does it go?
- para + motor control of lungs, heart + viscera
- most nerve fibres are sensory, communicating state of viscera to brain
- goes to every internal organ
What does the accessory nerve supply?
- SCM
- trapezius
What does the hypoglossal nerve supply?
- tongue muscles underneath
- geniohyoid
- thyrohyoid muscle
List the sensory cranial nerve nuclei in brain stem and what they sense
- trigeminal mesencephalic (propioception)
- trigeminal chief (touch)
- trigeminal spinal (pain & temp)
- vestibular + cochlear (special sense)
- nucleus solitarius (taste/baroreceptors)
List the motor cranial nerve nuclei in brain stem and what type they are
- Endinger-Westphal (para)
- Oculomotor (somatic)
- Trochlear (Somatic)
- Trigeminal motor (brachiomotor)
- Abducent (somatic)
- Facial (brachiomotor)
- Sup. salivary (para)
- Inf. salivary (para)
- Nucleus ambiguus (brachiomotor)
- Dorsal motor of vagus (para)
- Hyploglossal (somatic)
How can you describe the shape of the org of nuclei?
columnar
Which fibres synapse with motor fibres in the motor nuclei?
fibres from corticobulbar
Where do fibres from e.g. trigeminal motor nuclei go?
to relevant muscles e.g. masticatory
Which cranial nerve is the largest?
trigeminal
Which cranial nerve exits post. side of brain stem?
trochlear
How many cranial nerves are responsible for eye movements?
- oculomotor
- trochlear
- abducens
Which nerves carry taste info?
- facial
- glossopharyngeal
- vagus
Which cranial nerve is the longest?
- vagus - reaches from medulla to digestive & urinary organs
Which 2 cranial nerves carry sensory info about BP to brain?
- glossopharyngeal
- vagus
