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CPNP > GU/GYN > Flashcards

GU/GYN Flashcards

1
Q

What stage of syphilis has flu-like symptoms and generalized maculopapular rash on the palms and soles?

A

Secondary

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2
Q

What is seen under a microscope when looking at the vaginal fluid of a person with bacterial vaginosis?

A

Clue cells

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3
Q

How is the sexual maturity rating or SMR obtained?

A

Average of the genital/breast and pubic hair development tanner stage

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4
Q

In children what is the typical mode of transmission of HIV?

A

Maternal infant perinatal transmission or postnatal breastfeeding

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5
Q

What does an absent cremasteric reflex signify?

A

Testicular torsion

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6
Q

What is the most common organism causing UTIs in childhood?

A

E coli

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7
Q

What medications are available for the management of enuresis?

A

Imipramine, desmopressin, oxybutynin

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8
Q

Mucopurulant vaginal discharge is most likely going to be caused by what STD?

A

Gonorrhea

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9
Q

Symptoms of chlamydia in males?

A

Thick pineal discharge, testicular pain, dysuria

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10
Q

When is a child need to be referred for cryptorchidism?

A

Undecended testies at one year

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11
Q

What are two characteristics of the pain associated with testicular torsion?

A

Acute profound pain and pain there’s not relieved by elevating the scrotum

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12
Q

Is this the initial or recurrent infection of HSV? Painful or pruritic ulcers for 5 days?

A

Recurrent

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13
Q

When can females only expect to grow another one to 3 in?

A

After menarche

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14
Q

When should a renal ultrasound be done?

A

After the first UTI if the infant was febrile or any child 2 to 24 months of age

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15
Q

During what Tanner stage does menarche occur?

A

Stage 4 could be slightly earlier

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16
Q

What antibiotics are used for the treatment of UTIs?

A

Depends upon the organism, a culture should be checked. But they include bactrim, cephalosporins, amoxicillin, nitrofurantoin

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17
Q

Name two things that can cause gynecomastia in adolescent males.

A

Marijuana, anabolic steroids

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18
Q

What STDs are reportable to the health department?

A

Chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, HIV

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19
Q

Which is may require surgery: hydrocele that is non-communicating or communicating?

A

Communicating

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20
Q

What is given prevent opportunistic infections in children with HIV?

A

Bactrim

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21
Q

What is a classic signer symptom of bacterial vaginosis?

A

Fishy smell

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22
Q

What stage of syphilis has CNS involvement such as meningitis as well as infiltrative tumors of the skin, bones, and liver?

A

Tertiary syphilis

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23
Q

What is the over-the-counter treatment for dysmenorrhea?

A

Ibuprofen around the clock beginning at the onset of the menstrual cycle and continuing for 24 to 72 hours

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24
Q

What is the name of the congenital abnormality in which the urethral opening is on the ventral surface of the penis?

A

Hypospadias

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25
Q

What is The Tanner stage number 3 in male genitals?

A

Penis elongates

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26
Q

When is the surgical repair of hypospadias most often done?

A

6 to 12 months of age

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27
Q

What is tanner stage number three in female breast development?

A

Breast enlargement without separate nipple contour or a mound

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28
Q

How what lab diagnosis gonorrhea?

A

Cervical culture using Thayer Martin or transgrow media

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29
Q

What are some causes of secondary dysmenorrhea?

A

Pregnancy, PID, endometriosis

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30
Q

Symptoms of chlamydia in females?

A

Post-coital bleeding, lower abdominal/pelvic pain, dysuria

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31
Q

What type of enuresis is when the child has never established control?

A

Primary aneurysis

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32
Q

What kind of dysmenorrhea is typically seen in adolescence in the absence of any pelvic pathology?

A

Primary dysmenorrhea

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33
Q

What is the screening test for syphilis called?

A

Venereal disease research laboratory or VDRL

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34
Q

What tanner stage of breast development has breast buds?

A

stage 2

35
Q

What pathogen is responsible for chlamydia?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

36
Q

What is the fancy word for undescended testes?

A

Cryptorchidism

37
Q

What is the preferred treatment for chlamydia?

A

Azithromycin 1 g

38
Q

In what Tanner stage of the male genitalia do th scrotum and testes become larger and the scrotum roughens and redens?

A

Stage 2

39
Q

What stage of syphilis is seropositice but asymptomatic?

A

Latent syphilis

40
Q

What is the treatment of syphilis?

A

Penicillin g or in penicillin allergic patients doxycycline

41
Q

When should you follow up after prescribing antibiotics for UTI?

A

Follow up in 2 days, change antibiotic if note improvement or culture result shows that you change the treatment

42
Q

Besides change in urinary direction, what are some others signs and symptoms of hypospadias?

A

Dorsally hooded foreskin and chordee

43
Q

What STD is the leading cause of infertility among females?

A

Gonorrhea

44
Q

What is the treatment of bacterial vaginosis?

A

Metronidazole PO or clindamycin PO

45
Q

How is herpes simplex virus transmitted?

A

Direct contact with the active lesion or by virus containing fluid such as saliva or cervical secretions

46
Q

What age child with a UTI should be hospitalized for parental IV antibiotics?

A

Less than two months of age

47
Q

What is the most common bacterial STD in the United States?

A

Chlamydia

48
Q

What is the third Tanner stage of pubic hair in both males and females?

A

Darker, increased amount, curlier

49
Q

What is the management of HSV?

A

Acyclovir or valacyclovir. No curative treatment

50
Q

What stage of syphilis occurs 6 to 8 weeks after the previous stage?

A

6 to 8 weeks later

51
Q

What occurs when fluid collects in the thin sheath that surrounds the testicles?

A

Hydrocele

52
Q

Is gonorrhea more often asymptomatic and males or females?

A

Both

53
Q

How is HIV screened for an infants and older children?

A

An infants the HIV PCR testing is used, and an older children the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay or ELISA screening is used

54
Q

What confirms HIV?

A

The western blot test

55
Q

What laboratory tests are important when assessing enuresis?

A

Urine analysisand a urine culture

56
Q

What is the treatment in HIV?

A

High dose antiretroviral therapy or HART

57
Q

Is this the initial or recurrent infection of HSV? Fever, malaise, dysuria, painful periodic ulcers for 12 days?

A

Initial

58
Q

What is the definitive diagnosis of HSV?

A

A viral culture

59
Q

What is the confirmatory diagnostic test for syphilis?

A

Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption or FTA-ABS

60
Q

When should a VCUG be done?

A

If the ultrasound was abnormal

61
Q

Is chlamydia often asymptomatic in males or females?

A

Both

62
Q

What is the difference between HSV types one and two?

A

Typically type one is thought of to be on the lips, face, and mucosa while type 2 is thought to be found in the genitalia. They have however found both type 1 and type 2 in either location

63
Q

When does spermarche occur?

A

After genital stage 3

64
Q

What screening test is available for chlamydia?

A

Enzyme immunoassay or EIA

65
Q

What stage of syphilis occurs 2 to 6 weeks after exposure?

A

Primary

66
Q

What is the medical management of gonorrhea? Two things

A

Ceftriaxone IM in a single dose along with azithromycin to cover for chlamydia

67
Q

In what Tanner stage of the male genitalia does the penis enlarge and develop glands?

A

Stage 4

68
Q

What is the management of testicular torsion?

A

Emergency surgery

69
Q

What clinical stage of syphilis has an inderated chancre that is painless and at the site of innocularion with regional lymphadenopathy?

A

Primary

70
Q

What age is precocious puberty in girls or boys?

A

Eight girls and nine in boys

71
Q

What bacteria causes gonorrhea?

A

Neisseria gonorrhea

72
Q

What pathogen causes syphilis?

A

treponema pallidum

73
Q

What type of enuresis is when the child has been dry for more than 6-12 months and then begin wetting the bed again?

A

Secondary enuresis

74
Q

In what tanner stage of breast development in females does the areola and nipple project as a secondary mound?

A

stage 4

75
Q

What infection precedes HUS?

A

E coli in the gastrointestinal system

76
Q

What is the treatment for HUS?

A

Blood transfusions and sometimes dialysis if supportive care does not work

77
Q

What should you be concerned for if you find an abdominal mass that does not cross the midline?

A

Wilms tumor

78
Q

What age should the foresrin retract by?

A

4 to 6 years

79
Q

What are urinary findings with glomerulonephritis?

A

Proteinuria and hematuria

80
Q

What infection proceeds glomerulonephritis?

A

Strep infections

81
Q

On clean catch, I and oh, and symptomatic patient what is the minimum bacterial growth in the urinary culture?

A

Greater than 100,000 and clean catch, greater than 50,000 in straight calf, and greater than 10,000 if symptomatic

82
Q

P if red blood cells are found in the urine what needs to be determined?

A

If red blood cells are from hemoglobin area or myoglobin urea

83
Q

What are signs of nephrotic syndrome?

A

Massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, hyperlipidemia

84
Q

What is the treatment for nephrotic syndrome?

A

Steroids but if steroid resistant we use cytoxin

CPNP (15 decks)

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