Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CPNP > Gastrointestinal > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Flashcards

1
Q

Where do neuroblastomas originate from?

A

The adrenal glands on the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are two bacteria that cause gastroenteritis?

A

Salmonella, campylobacter, shigella, E coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which signs or symptoms are associated with vitamin deficiency or malabsorption?

A

palor, fatigue, hair changes, cheilosis, peripheral neuropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the first line medical management of GERD?

A

Histamine H2 receptor antagonists to inhibit gastric acid secretion such as pepcid or zantac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What causes 50% of all viral cases of gastroenteritis?

A

Rotavirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what type of GERD is frequent with alteration and physical functioning such as failure to thrive and aspiration pneumonia?

A

Pathological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Is there a chronic carrier state with hepatitis A?

A

No No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the three C’s of gastroesophageal reflux disease?

A

Cough, choke, cyanosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What age does intusseseption typically occur before?

A

Before 2 years of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is prescribed for hepatitis c?

A

Interferon and ribavirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of GERD is infrequent, episodic, and explainable?

A

Physiological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is done before medication use in referral in GERD?

A

Small frequent feelings, burp frequently, avoid formula changes, switch to a weighted formula or an AR formula, and elevate the head after feeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is hepatitis b typically transmitted?

A

Saliva, semen, vaginal secretions, other body fluids, and blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Do children with hepatitis A turn yellow?

A

No, it is an anicteric disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some signs or symptoms of hershprung’s disease?

A

Failure to pass meconium, infrequent or explosive bowel movements, progressive abdominal distention, tight anal sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When is the olive-like mass palpable?

A

After vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is diagnostic of appendicitis?

A

Ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What laboratory finding is elevated in neuroblastoma?

A

Urine catecholamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does HBsAg, Anti-HBc, Anti-Hbe, IgM, IgE represent?

A

Chronic hepatitis B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

If needing to treat gastroenteritis with an antibiotic what is the first drug of choice?

A

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What percentage of dehydration is classified as severe dehydration?

A

Greater than 10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Signs or symptoms of intussusception?

A

Acute and colicky pain, vomiting, sausage-shaped mass in the upper right quadrant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the serology for active verse recovered hepatitis A?

A

Anti-HAV IgM vs IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What type of GERD is painless, effortless, with no physical sequelae?

A

Functional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Fatigue, malaise, anarchy, headach e, aversion to secondhand smoke and alcohol odors are signs of what stage of hepatitis?

A

Pre-icteric stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the second line medication management of GERD?

A

Proton pump inhibitors to block gastric acid secretion such as omeprazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How is neuroblastoma typically found?

A

Large abdominal mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What diagnostic study can also reduce the intussusception?

A

Barium enema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Weight loss, jaundice, purrritis, right upper quadrant pain, clay colored stool, and dark urine are in what category of hepatitis signs or symptoms?

30
Q

What severity of dehydration is characterized by a almost decreased heart rate or extremely high heart rate, prolonged cap refill, sunken fontanelle, and very very low urine output?

A

Severe dehydration

31
Q

What age group does pyloric stenosis typically present?

A

3 weeks to 4 months of age

32
Q

What is an acute prolapse of one part of the intestine into another segment of the intestine?

A

Intussusception

33
Q

What is the other term for hirschsprung’s disease?

A

Aganglionic megacolon

34
Q

Describe the emesis characteristic of pyloric stenosis?

A

Projectile, non-billious vomiting

35
Q

For E coli, and shigella when can the child return to daycare?

A

After two negative stool cultures and the resolution of the diarrhea

36
Q

List four lab changes with hepatitis

A

Elevated AST and ALT, elevated LDH, elevated bilirubin, and elevated prothrombin time

37
Q

What does HBsAg, HBeAg, Anti-HBc, IgM represent?

A

Active hepatitis B infection

38
Q

How is pyloric stenosis diagnosed?

A

Abdominal ultrasound or string sign on an x-ray

39
Q

What are the three classes of gastro esophageal reflux disease?

A

Physiological, functional, pathological

40
Q

What age does GERD typically resolve by?

41
Q

What is the incubation period of hepatitis b?

A

6 weeks to 6 months

42
Q

What does Anti-HCV, HCV RNA represent?

A

acute and chronic hepatitis C

43
Q

What percentage of dehydration is mild dehydration?

44
Q

How is hepatitis c transmitted?

A

IV drug use

45
Q

Is pyloric stenosis more common in males or females?

46
Q

What causes current jelly stools?

A

Ischemic tissue sloughing into the lumen of the bowel

47
Q

What percentage of dehydration is moderate dehydration?

48
Q

When are stool cultures indicated?

A

Diarrhea is persistent for more than 72 hours or if bloody stool is present

49
Q

What does Anti-HBc, Anti-HBsAG represent?

A

Recovered hepatitis B

50
Q

How is hirschsprung’s disease diagnosed?

A

A rectal or colon biopsy

51
Q

What is the route of transmission of hepatitis A?

A

Oral to fecal

52
Q

Is hirschsprung’s disease more common in boys or girls?

53
Q

What percentage of dehydration is characterized by a slightly increased heart rate, decreased skin trigger, and decreased urine output?

A

Moderate dehydration

54
Q

What are the four key signs or symptoms of appendicitis?

A

P: psoas signs, pain with right thigh extension R: rebound tenderness O: obturator sign, pain with internal rotation of the right thigh M: McBurney’s point tenderness, RLQ pain

55
Q

What are four parameters to assess for dehydration?

A

General appearance, eyes, moisturise of mucous membranes, presence of tears

56
Q

What are red flags for cyclic vomiting?

A

She mad at emesis, triggering events, abnormal neural exam, progressively worsening

57
Q

In peptic ulcer disease where are primary ulcers where our secondary ulcers, and which is chronic or acute? Gastric or duodenal

A

Duodenal is chronic in primary, gastric is acute and secondary

58
Q

What does the c-uria breath test test for? What are other ways to test for this disease?

A

H pylori also can test stool and for IGG titers

59
Q

What is the treatment for h pylori?

A

Combination treatment of amoxicillin, cleverthromycin, and omeprazole

60
Q

What defines colic?

A

Crying three or more hours per day, three or more days per week, and three or more weeks

61
Q

How is colic managed?

A

Breastfeeding elimination diet, hydrolyzed formulas

62
Q

What foreign body aspiration requires immediate removal?

A

Disk batteries and sharp objects lodged in the esophagus

63
Q

What is the most accurate diagnostic process for appendicitis?

64
Q

P what is the IBS criteria?

A

Abdominal pain once a week for 2 months, with pain that improves with stool or change in the frequency or character of stool

65
Q

What does the IGA tissue transglutamarace antibody and the IGA endometrial antibody test for?

A

celiac disease

66
Q

What does a positive alpha 1 antitrypsin test show?

A

Crescent City protein losing enteropathy

67
Q

When is celiac testing done?

A

After eating gluten in at least one meal per day for 6 weeks prior to testing and then repeated 6 months after a gluten-free diet

68
Q

Which disease affects the whole bowel, is segmented in distribution, cobbles to an appearance of bowel wall, with extra intestinal symptoms?

A

Crohn’s disease

69
Q

Which disease only affects the colon and rectum it’s continuous and is typically associated with blood diarrhea?

A

Ulcerative colitis

70
Q

What are perennial skin tags, deep anal fissures, perianal fistulas, and oral optus ulcers suggestive of?

A

Crohn’s disease

CPNP (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions