Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CPNP > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Normally, where is the higher pressure area of the heart?

A

Left side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria of Kawasaki’s?

A

Fever * 5 days, contractiva retinopathy, rash that is polymorphic, adenopathy, strawberry lips and tongue, hands that are swollen and then peel Fiery CRASH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What congenital heart defect is associated with a boot-shaped heart on x-ray?

A

Tetralogy of fallot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

14 steps of blood flow through the heart.

A

Inferior / superior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonic valve, pulmonary arteries, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the Jones criteria?

A

Criteria used to diagnose rheumatic fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What two valves are smaller and make the quieter lub sound, S1?

A

Tricuspid and mitral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What genetic syndrome is associated with aortic arch anomalies?

A

DiGeorge syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What systolic ejection murmur is best heard at the left upper sternal border?

A

Atrial septal defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What lab findings are associated with Kawasaki disease?

A

Elevated ESR and CRP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what congenital heart defect is associated with a loud systolic ejection click at the middle and upper left sternal border?

A

Tetrology of flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What innocent murmur is best heard at the right upper sternal border?

A

Venus hum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What infection precipitates rheumatic fever?

A

Group a strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where are diastole sounds?

A

Between S2 and s1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What aspect of the heart is most often affected by rheumatic fever?

A

Mitral valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where are aortic or mitral sounds heard?

A

Apex or Erb’s point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What two valves are larger and make the louder dub sound, S2?

A

Pulmonic and aortic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What do blood pressure and pulse oximetry variations between the upper and lower extremities signify?

A

Coarctation of the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Will an innocent murmur be louder or softer when sitting compared to standing?

A

Louder when sitting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What innocent murmur is best heard at the left lower sternal border and the apex

A

Still’s murmur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What congenital heart defect is an egg on a string on x-ray?

A

Transposition of the great arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What murmur is a holocystolic machinery sound?

A

Patent ductus arteriosus

22
Q

What are the four defects of tetralogy of fallot?

A

Large VSD, pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy

23
Q

What change occurs at birth in the heart?

A

Decrease in the fetal pulmonary vascular resistance and increase in the systemic vascular resistance

24
Q

What is the leading cause of coronary artery disease in children of an infectious etiology?

A

Kawasaki disease

25
Q

What is secondary hypertension?

A

Hypertension as a symptom of other organ dysfunction

26
Q

What is the most common innocent murmur?

A

Still’s murmur

27
Q

What congenital heart defect is associated with a systolic ejection click, and a systolic thrill best hurt at the right upper sternal border?

A

Aortic stenosis

28
Q

What is a tet spell?

A

Child’s response to hypersonic episode where they pull their knees up for better circulation

29
Q

What murmur is due to turbulence in the left ventricular outflow tract?

A

Still’s murmur

30
Q

What systolic ejection murmur is a hollow systolic thrill heard the left lower external border

A

Ventricular septal defect

31
Q

What aspect of tetralogy of fallot determines how soon surgery will be?

A

Size of the VSD could allow for a delay in surgery until the child can grow

32
Q

Where are systole sounds?

A

Between s1 and S2

33
Q

Where are aortic sounds heard?

A

Right upper sternal border

34
Q

Where are aortic sounds heard?

A

Right upper sternal border

35
Q

What genetic defect is associated with aortic regurgitation in mitral valve prolapse?

A

Marfan syndrome

36
Q

what secondary congenital heart defect is necessary for a child with transmission of the great arteries to survive until surgery?

A

Ventricular septal defect

37
Q

Where are pulmonic sounds heard?

A

Left upper sternal border

38
Q

What congenital heart defect is associated with an aortic click best heard at the Apex?

A

Coarctation of the aorta

39
Q

At birth what area has higher pressure?

A

Right side of heart

40
Q

What congenital heart defect is best heard at the left upper sternal border as a systolic ejection click or thrill?

A

Pulmonic stenosis

41
Q

How is hypertension diagnosed?

A

Average blood pressure greater than the 95th percentile with measures obtained on at least three separate occasions

42
Q

What are the four minor criteria of the Jones criteria?

A

Arthralgia, fever, elevated inflammatory levels, evidence of a group a strep infection

43
Q

What maneuver can be done to test for a venous hum?

A

Turning head and/or compressing neck ipsilaterally will cause sound to disappear

44
Q

What is the treatment of Kawasaki disease?

A

High dose aspirin therapy

45
Q

What purpose does a patented ductus arteriosus serve in the fetus?

A

Small hole between the pulmonary arteries and the aorta that allows maternal blood to circulate in the body as lungs develop

46
Q

List the five major manifestations of the Jones criteria

A

Carditis, poly arthritis, chorea, erythema marginatum, subcutaneous nodules

47
Q

Where are ventricular septal defect or tricuspid sounds heard?

A

Left lower sternal border

48
Q

What is a post infectious inflammatory disease that can affect the hearts, joints, and central nervous system?

A

Rheumatic fever

49
Q

How many aspects of the Jone’s criteria are required to diagnose Rheumatic Fever?

A

2 major or 1 major and 2 minor

50
Q

How many Kawasaki criteria suggest a high likelihood of coronary vessel involvement?

A

fever AND 4 of the 6 critera

51
Q

What are the three phases of Kawasaki’s disease?

A

Acute phase which is symptomatic, subacute which is the resolution of fever and other symptoms, convalescent which is the abnormal lab values remain abnormal

52
Q

If on high dose aspirin for Kawasaki disease when should the aspirin be stopped?

A

Stopped for 6 weeks if flu or chickenpox develop

CPNP (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions