Growth, Puberty and Adolescence

Question 1

How far apart are centiles?

Answer 1

2/3rds of a standard deviation

Question 2

What 2 factors show normal growth?

Answer 2

Their measurements are within the normal range compared with children of their age
Their rate of growth is within the normal range

Question 3

Is a child who is growing normal likely to have major underlying problems?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

What are 4 changes to growth charts in the last 30 years?

Answer 4

Shift to the right
Longer tail
Increasing severe obesity
Similar upward trend with height

Question 5

How should babies be weighed?

Answer 5

No clothes or nappy

Question 6

How should children older than 2 be weighed?

Answer 6

Vest and pants
No shoes
No dolls or teddies in hand

Question 7

How should head circumference be measured?

Answer 7

3 times and take average
Narrow plastic or disposable paper tape
Where head is widest

Question 8

What is the average age for a girl to enter puberty?

Answer 8

11 years

Question 9

What are the 2 gonadotrophins?

Answer 9

FSH

LH

Question 10

What is precocious puberty?

Answer 10

Normal pubertal development
<8 for girls
<9 for boys

Question 11

When is puberty delayed?

Answer 11

Abscence of sexual development in a girl aged 13 or a boy aged 14

Question 12

Why are boys taller than girls?

Answer 12

Boys have delayed PHV
Boys PHV>Girls
Boys taller in pre-puberty

Question 13

What is stage 1 of puberty?

Answer 13

Prepubertal

Question 14

What is stage 5 of puberty?

Answer 14

Adult

Question 15

What is Thelarce?

Answer 15

Breast budding

Question 16

What is adrenarche?

Answer 16

Body hair and odour

Question 17

What is menarche?

Answer 17

Period start

Question 18

When do girls reach their peak height velocity?

Answer 18

12 years

Question 19

When do boys reach their peak height velocity?

Answer 19

14 years

Question 20

What are important examination features with growth problems?

Answer 20

ICE
Birth
PMH
PUbertal
FH
-Parental heights
Parental puberty

Question 21

What are important examination features of growth problems?

Answer 21

Height
Weight 
Height velocity
Signs suggestive of pathology
Pubertal status

Question 22

What investigations are important for growth problems?

Answer 22

Bloods
Bone age
Dynamic function tests
MRI brain
USS uterus

Question 23

What blood tests are done for growth problems?

Answer 23

Gonadotrophins
Growth factors
Sex hormone levels
Thyroid
Karotype
Older pathology

Question 24

How can short stature be classified?

Answer 24

Genetic
Growth delay
Dysmorphic syndromes
Endocrine disorders
Chronic diseases
Psychosocial deprivation