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Child and Family > Attachment and behavioural disorders > Flashcards

Attachment and behavioural disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is a reactive attachment disorder?

A

Markedly disturbed and developmentally inappropriate social relatedness

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2
Q

When do RADs mostly begin?

A

Before aged 5

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3
Q

What are RADs associated with?

A

Grossly pathological care

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4
Q

What 3 things can cause a RAD?

A

A persistent disregard for the child’s emotional needs for comfort, stimulation and affection
Persistent disregard for the child physical needs
Repeated changes of primary caregivers

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5
Q

What do individuals with RAD have difficulty forming?

A

Lasting, loving and intimate relationships

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6
Q

What does RAD include medically?

A 
Malnutrition
Growth delay
Evidence of physical abuse
Vitamin deficiencies
Infectious diseases
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7
Q

What is the prevalence of RAD?

A

1% of all children under 5

20% of children in care

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8
Q

What increases a child’s likelihood of RAD?

A

Being abandoned at a young age

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9
Q

What are the 2 subtypes of RAD?

A

Inhibited

Disinhibited

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10
Q

What is inhibited RAD?

A

Children who continually fail to initiate and respond to social interactions in a developmentally appropriate way
A child that does not seek comfort from parent or cargiver during times of stress

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11
Q

What is disinhibited RAD?

A

A child how has inability to display appropriate selective attachments

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12
Q

What is another name for disinhibited RAD?

A

Disinhibited social engagement

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13
Q

Which is more enduring over time, dis/inhibited RAD?

A

Disinhibited

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14
Q

What is the consequence if a child doesn’t have the ability to develop a conscience?

A

Lack of empathy

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15
Q

What is the consequence if a child doesn’t have the ability to become self-reliant?

A

Poor self esteem

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16
Q

What is the consequence if a child doesn’t have the ability to think logically?

A

Poor problem solving

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17
Q

What is the consequence if a child doesn’t have the ability to cope with function and stress?

A

They have difficulties with emotional regulation

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18
Q

What is the consequence if a child doesn’t have the ability to to handle fear or threat to self?

A

Highly impulsive

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19
Q

What is the consequence if a child doesn’t have the ability to develop relationships?

A

Lack of trust in others

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20
Q

What are 8 causes of RAD?

A 
Frequent changes in primary caregiver
Extend separation from the parent/primary caregiver
Frequent moves and/or placements in foster care
Traumatic experiences
Young or inexperienced mother
Neglect
Abuse
ASD
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21
Q

Why main an infant develop an alien view of themselves?

A

If the primary caregiver does not have an idea of what the infants mental state is

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22
Q

What are 8 alarming symptoms in very young childen?

A 
Persistent and medically unexplaines severe colic
Poor eye contact
No reciprocal smilke response
Delayed gross motor skill development
Difficulty being comforted
Resists affection and cuddling
Appears stiff
Poor sucking response when eating
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23
Q

What are 11 typical symptoms of RAD?

A 
Lack of self-control
Speech and language delays
Lack of conscience
Lack of understanding of social boundaries
Indiscriminately affectionate with strangers 
Avoids/overseeks physical ontact
Hyperactive
Aggressive
Food issues
Often on guard
Prefers to play alone
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24
Q

What may a child be angry with RAD?

A

Result of past experiences of humiliating abuses of power where they are made to feel worthless, useless and unworthy of respect

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25
Q

.

A

.

26
Q

What leads to behavioural change?

A

Childhood experiences interact with genetics to change the structure of the brain and cause behavioural change

27
Q

What can life experiences alter?

A

Number of neurons
Increase/Decrease the dendritic branches
Number of synapses

28
Q

What are 4 DD for RAD?

A

Conduct disorder
Depression
ASD
ADHD

29
Q

What differentiates RAD and CD?

A

Cd children are able to form some satisfying relationships

30
Q

What differentiates RAD and Depression?

A

Depressed children are able to form social relationships with those who reach out to them

31
Q

What differentiates RAD and ASD?

A

ASD kids have historical and pervasive difficulties

32
Q

What differentiates RAD and ADHD?

A

ADHD difficulties are persistent and across different settings

33
Q

What are 5 effective treatments for RAD?

A 
Family therapy
Individual therapy
Play therapy
Medications
Special education interventions
34
Q

Why does family therapy help in RAD?

A

Helps parents understands the symptoms and intervene effectively

35
Q

Why does individual therapy help in RAD?

A

Helps the child directly with monitoring emotions and behaviour

36
Q

Why does play therapy help in RAD?

A

Helps the child learn appropriate skills for interacting with peers

37
Q

Why does special education interventions help in RAD?

A

Specifically designed programs that can help the child learn skills required for academic and social success

38
Q

What is conduct disorder (CD)?

A

A repetitive and persistent pattern of behaviour in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate norms or rules are violated

39
Q

What is another name for conduct disorder?

A

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)

40
Q

IS CD a behavioural disorder?

A

Yes

41
Q

How is CD diagnosed?

A 
Three or more of the following in the past 12 months with one in the past 6:
-Aggression to people or animals
Destruction of property
Decietfulness or theft
Serious violation of rules
42
Q

What are 7 signs of aggression in CD?

A 
Threatens others
Initiates fights
Has used a physical weapon that can cause serious physical harm to others
Has been physically cruel to others
Had been physically cruel to animals
Has stolen whilst confronting a victim
Has forced someone into sexual activity
43
Q

What are the consequences of CD?

A 
Serious impairment in social, academic or occupational function, incuding:
School 
Family
Criminality
Health and social services
Mental health co-morbidity
44
Q

What are the 2 types of CD?

A

Mild to moderate

Severe

45
Q

What is mild to moderate CD restricted to?

A

Family environment

46
Q

What are the two branches of severe CD?

A

Unsocialised

Socialised

47
Q

What is unsocialised CD?

A

Predominantly violent behaviour

48
Q

What is socialised CD?

A

More covert antisocial acts or better ability to avoid getting involved with criminal justice system

49
Q

Which CD is more likely to be dealt with by the criminal justice system?

A

Unsocialised

50
Q

What are 6 co-morbidities of CD?

A 
Attachment difficultiies
ADHD
Reading and other learning difficulties
Substance misuse
Deviant sexual behaviour
51
Q

What is the triad of ADHD?

A

Inattention
Hyperactivity
Impulsivity

52
Q

What are 4 Factors of ADHD relating to self regulation?

A

Developmentally inappropriate
Impairing function
Pervasive across settings
Longstanding from age 5

53
Q

T/F the causes of ADHD are multifactorial?

A

True

54
Q

Is ADHD familial?

A

Some evidence of familial link

55
Q

What are the causes of CD?

A

Bio-psycho-social influences
Genetic
Brain injury
Environmental

56
Q

Who’s task is it to raise a child?

A

The family

57
Q

What families are vulnerable to problems meeting the needs of the child

A

Families with parents with mental illness
Drug and alcohol problems
Domestic violence
Single parent families

58
Q

What are 5 intra-familiar predictors of anti-social behaviour?

A

Lack of house rules
Lack of clarity as to how children behave
Lack of effective contingencies
Lack of techniques to deal with crises
Lack of supervision is strongly associated with delinquency

59
Q

What can anger protect from?

A

Painful feelings

60
Q

What is the treatment for children who do not have a comorbidity with CD?

A

Parent training if <11
Child focused programmes 9><14
Multimodal interventions to young people 11<>17

61
Q

What medication can be used for extreme CD?

A

Risperidone
ADHD - Stimulant medication
Depression - SSRIs

Child and Family (13 decks)

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