Gross Anatomy #5 – Pectoral Region/Shoulder (2009)

Question 1

Which of the following muscles inserts between the lateral and the medial lip of the
intertubercule grove?
a) Pectoralis major
b) Pectoralis minor
c) Teres major
d) Teres minor
e) Latissamus dorsi

Answer 1

e) Latissamus dorsi

Question 2

An adolescent with difficulty breathing places their arms on a table to fix their scapula
(“tripod position”). Which muscle attaches to ribs 3-5 and would be used to elevate the
rib cage in this position?
a) Pectoralis major
b) Pectoralis minor
c) Teres major
d) Teres minor
e) Latissamus dorsi

Answer 2

b) Pectoralis minor

Question 3

A tumor of the breast can put pressure on which of the following, giving the breast a
dimpled appearance reminiscent of orange peel (peau d’orange)?
a) Suspensory ligaments (of Cooper)
b) Sudoriferous (sweat) glands
c) Areolar glands (of Montgomery)
d) Lactiferous duct
e) Axillary tail

Answer 3

a) Suspensory ligaments (of Cooper)

Question 4

Which of the following veins runs under the deltoclavicular triangle, pierces the
costocoracoid membrane, and is sometimes cannulated for cardiac procedures?
a) Axillary
b) Subclavian
c) Cephalic
d) Internal jugular
e) External jugular

Answer 4

c) Cephalic

Question 5

Shoulder dislocations are most commonly \_\_\_\_ and can affect the \_\_\_\_ nerve, which
is near the site of dislocation.
a) Anterior; Radial
b) Posterior; Radial
c) Anterior; Ulnar
d) Posterior; Ulnar

Answer 5

a) Anterior; Radial

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a shoulder muscle of the rotator cuff?

a) Supraspinatus
b) Infraspinatus
c) Teres major
d) Subscapularis

Answer 6

d) Subscapularis

Question 7

A carpenter presents with complaints of difficulty carrying objects. When the patient
carries paint buckets, the buckets constantly bump into his knees. What muscle is most
likely affected?
a) Subclavius
b) Subscapularis
c) Supraspinatus
d) Teres major
e) Teres minor

Answer 7

c) Supraspinatus

Question 8

180 degrees of shoulder abduction normally consist of ____ degrees of glenohumeral
(GH) joint motion and ____ degrees of scapulothoracic (ST) joint motion, a ratio of ____.
a) 90; 90; 1 to 1
b) 120; 60; 2 to 1
c) 60; 120; 1 to 2
d) 135; 45; 3 to 1
e) 45; 135; 1 to 3

Answer 8

b) 120; 60; 2 to 1

Question 9

Which of the following is/are found within the quadrangular space of the shoulder?

a) Posterior circumflex humeral artery
b) Circumflex scapular artery
c) Axillary nerve
d) A & C
e) B & C

Answer 9

e) B & C

Question 10

Which of the following is found in the triangular interval (not triangular space) of the
shoulder?
a) Deep brachial profunda artery
b) Circumflex scapular artery
c) Radial nerve
d) A & C
e) B & C

Answer 10

d) A & C

Question 11

Which of the following is true regarding the superior transverse scapular ligament?

a) The suprascapular artery and nerve run above the ligament
b) The suprascapular artery and nerve run under the ligament
c) The suprascapular artery runs above and the nerve runs below the ligament
d) The suprascapular artery runs below and the nerve runs above the ligament

Answer 11

d) A & C

Question 12

A patient presents some time after a football injury to the side. They are having
difficulty washing behind their ears. The patient is asked to push against a wall with their hands and their right scapula “wings” out. Which of the following is most likely
involved?
a) Pectoralis minor, medial pectoral nerve, roots C6-C8
b) Pectoralis minor, medial pectoral nerve, roots C8-T1
c) Serratus anterior, long thoracic nerve, roots C3-C5
d) Serratus anterior, long thoracic nerve, roots C5-C7
e) Pectoralis major, medial and lateral pectoral nerves, roots C5-T1

Answer 12

d) Serratus anterior, long thoracic nerve, roots C5-C7

Question 13

A patient presents with a shoulder injury after fall off of a motorcycle. Upon
examination, the shoulder appears to step-off from the normal shoulder line. Palpation
reveals a popping sensation as the joint shifts. An x-ray is scheduled to confirm the
dislocation. Which of the following is most likely?
a) Anterior shoulder dislocation
b) Posterior shoulder dislocation
c) Grade 1 acromioclavicular joint separation
d) Grade 2 acromioclavicular joint separation
e) Grade 3 acromioclavicular joint separation

Answer 13

e) Grade 3 acromioclavicular joint separation

Question 14

A medical student compresses and blocks her axillary artery while sleeping on her
side. Which of the following arteries provides an alternate route (anastomosis) to get
blood flow past the shoulder joint?
a) Dorsal scapular artery
b) Suprascapular artery
c) Transverse cervical artery
d) Circumflex scapular artery
e) Subclavian artery

Answer 14

d) Circumflex scapular artery