Gross (02.25) Pelvis and Pelvic Floor

Question 1

region of the pelvis above the pelvic brim and whose pelvic inlet is continuous with the abdominal cavity

Answer 1

false pelvis (also known as GREATER pelvis)

Question 2

region of the pelvis that is below the pelvic brim and whose pelvic outlet is closed off below by muscular pelvic floor

Answer 2

true pelvis (also known as the LESSER pelvis)

Question 3

in the pelvic cavity, the bladder and rectum are considered ______

Answer 3

retroperitoneal

Question 4

the sacrum is ___ fused sacral vertebrae

Answer 4

5

Question 5

the os coxae are composed of what three bones?

Answer 5

• ilium
• ischium
• pubis

Question 6

what three things constitute the line terminalis?

Answer 6

• pubic crest
• pecten pubis
• arcuate line

*all are continuous with the margin of the ala

Question 7

the ischium, ilium, and pubis all come together at the _____

Answer 7

asitabilum (hip joint)

Question 8

the pelvic brim in females is _____ and the pelvic brim in males is ____

Answer 8

• oval

- heart shaped

Question 9

the pelvis of females has a SHORTER _____ _____

Answer 9

pubic symphysis

Question 10

the pelvis of females has a WIDER ____ _____

Answer 10

pubic arch

Question 11

the pelvis of females has more FLARED ____ _____

Answer 11

iliac wings (alae)

Question 12

the pelvis of females has more FARTHER APART ____ ____

Answer 12

ischial tuberosities

Question 13

the sacrum of female pelvises are ___ and ____ ____

Answer 13

• shorter

- less curved

Question 14

what are the 6 ligaments of the pelvis?

Answer 14

• pubic symphysis
• anterior sacroiliac lig
• posterior sacroiliac lig
• sacrotuberous lig (posterior)
• sacrospinous lig (anterior)
• obturator membrane

Question 15

what is the lower border of the obturater canal?

Answer 15

obturator membrane

Question 16

what two surfaces does the sacrotuberous ligament insert?

Answer 16

• ischial tuberosity
• sacrum/soccyx

*lower border of lesser sciatic foramen

Question 17

what two surfaces does the sacrospinous ligament insert?

Answer 17

• ischial spine
• sacrum/coccyx

*is the lower boundary of greater sciatic foramen

Question 18

the piriformis m goes from the anterior _____ to the ____ _____ and passes behind the ____ ____ ___. it closes off the ____/____ pelvic outlet

Answer 18

• sacrum
• greater trochanter
• greater sciatic notch
• posterior/superior

Question 19

the obturator internus m goes from the ____ ____ to the ____ _____ as is covered with thick ____ and attaches to ____ ____ as tendinous arch

Answer 19

• obturator foramen
• greater trochanter
• fascia
• levator ani

Question 20

the obturator interns arises in the pelvis to act on the ____ ____ and passes through the ____ ____ foramen.it comes from nerve levels ___ and ____

Answer 20

• hip joint
• lesser sciatic
• L5
• S1

Question 21

the piriformis m arises in pelvis to act on the ___ ___ and passes through the ___ ___ foramen. it comes form nerve levels ___ and ___

Answer 21

• hip joint
• greater sciatic notch
• S1
• S2

Question 22

what are the two general mm of the pelvic floor/diaphragm

Answer 22

• levator ani

- coccygeus

Question 23

what are the three thin mm that make up the legator ani?

Answer 23

• iliococcygeus
• pubococcygeus
• pucorectalis

Question 24

what goes through the greater sciatic foramen ABOVE the piriformis m ?

Answer 24

superior gluteal nerves and vessels

Question 25

what 4 things go through the greater sciatic foramen BELOW the piriformis m ?

Answer 25

- sciatic n - inferior gluteal n - posterior femoral cutaneous n - quadratus femoris n and vessels

Question 26

what three things go through the LESSER sciatic foramen?

Answer 26

- pudendal n - n to obturator internus - obturator internus m

Question 27

what goes through the obturator canal?

Answer 27

obturator n and vessels

Question 28

what is the purpose of puborectalis (in the legator ani)

Answer 28

m that must be relaxed in order to take a dump

Question 29

the urogential triangle of perineum allows the passage of ____ and _____ systems

Answer 29

- urinary | - genital

Question 30

the anal triangle of perineum allows the passage of ____ and _____

Answer 30

- rectum | - anus

Question 31

perineum is NOT part of the ___ ____

Answer 31

pelvic diaphragm

Question 32

the deep transverse perineal mm are ____/_____ to pelvic diaphragm

Answer 32

anterior/inferior

Question 33

the deep transverse perineal mm blend with the _____ mm of the ____ and _____

Answer 33

- sphincter mm - urethra - vagina (in females)

Question 34

the ureters travel to the ______ aspect of the urinary bladder

Answer 34

posteriolateral

Question 35

in FEMALES, the ____a crosses over the ureter

Answer 35

uterine a

Question 36

in males, the ___ ____ crosses over the ureter

Answer 36

ductus deferens

Question 37

the urinary bladder consists of smooth m called ____ ____ and is supported by the ___ ____

Answer 37

- detrusor urinae | - pelvic floor

Question 38

the urethra in females is 3.5-4cm long and pierces the ___ portion of the UG diaphragm between the ____ and ___ ____ ____

Answer 38

- anterior - bladder - external urethral oriface

Question 39

what are the 4 parts of the MALE urethra?

Answer 39

- preprostatic - prostatic - membranous - spongy

Question 40

the rectum is located in the ___ pelvis and is ___ to pelvic floor. is is normally constricted by the _____ m

Answer 40

- true - superior - puborectalis m (in levator ani)

Question 41

the anal canal is continuous with the rectum at _____ junction and produces ____ there. it must ____ in order to produce defecation

Answer 41

- anorectal junction - curvature (perirenal flexure) - relax

Question 42

what are the primary male reproductive organs?

Answer 42

-testes

Question 43

the spermatic cord is a ____ ____ derived from the anterior abdominal wall that surrounds the ___ ___ and _____ ____

Answer 43

- fascial sheath - ductus deferens - testicular vessels and nerves

Question 44

the ___ ___ join the vas deferens to form ___ ducts before emptying into the prostatic urethra

Answer 44

- seminal vesicles | - ejaculatory ducts

Question 45

walnut sized glands in males that are found between the bladder and UG diaphragm

Answer 45

prostate gland

Question 46

2 pea sized glands found in males within the UG diaphragm that empty into penile urethra

Answer 46

bulbourethral (cowper's) gland

Question 47

what are the three layers of the tunica vaginalis in the testes of males?

Answer 47

- parietal layer - cavtiy - visceral layer

Question 48

primary female reproductive organ

Answer 48

ovaries

Question 49

the uterine (fallopian) tubes are ____ tubes that are ____ ____ from peritoneal cavity to uterus

Answer 49

- muscular | - open channels

Question 50

the cervix opens to the uterus as the ____ ___ and opens to the vagina as the ___ ____

Answer 50

- internal os | - external os

Question 51

circular gutter surrounding cervix

Answer 51

vaginal fornix

Question 52

peritoneum covering ovarian vessels and nerves

Answer 52

suspensory lig of the uterus

Question 53

peritoneum covering uterus and adnexa

Answer 53

broad lig of the uterus

Question 54

anchors ovary to uterus

Answer 54

ovarian lig

Question 55

continuation of the ovarian lig that passes through inguinal canal to fuse with labia majora

Answer 55

round lig of uterus