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Anatomy (S2)(Unit 2) > Gross (02.11) Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Gross (02.11) Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

most superior part of the abdominal cavity

A

diaphragm

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2
Q

what splits the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity

A

pelvic inlet

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3
Q

the abdomen is broken up into 9 regions, what are they

A
  • right hypochondrium
  • epigastric region
  • left hypochondrium
  • right flank
  • umbilical region
  • left flank
  • right groin
  • pubic region
  • left groin
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4
Q

from external to internal, what are the three muscle layers of the abdomen

A
  • external oblique
  • internal oblique
  • transverse abdominalis m
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5
Q

midline of the abdomen that multiple aponeuroses insert

A

linea alba

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6
Q

m that has fibers that run in the direction of hands going into pockets

A

external oblique

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7
Q

the transverse abdominalis m fibers run in the same direction as what other m

A

internal oblique (perpendicular to external oblique)

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8
Q

the somatic nerves of the abdomen run between what two things?

A
  • internal oblique m

- transverse abdominalis m

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9
Q

an aponeurotic sheath that envelopes rectus abdominalis and pyramidalis mm and consists of anterior and posterior layers

A

rectus sheath

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10
Q

what is significant about the rectus sheath when it is ABOVE the arcuate line?

A

it envelopes rectus abdominalis

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11
Q

what is significant about the rectus sheath when it is BELOW the arcuate line?

A

it goes anterior to rectus abdominalis

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12
Q

when superior to the arcuate line, the anterior layer of the rectus sheath is formed by the aponeurosis of what two things?

A
  • external oblique

- 1/2 of internal oblique

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13
Q

when superior to the arcuate line, the posterior layer of the rectus sheath is formed by what?

A
  • aponeurosis of 1/2 of inferior oblique and transverse abdominalis
  • transversalis fascia
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14
Q

when inferior to the arcuate line, the anterior layer of the rectus sheath is formed by the aponeurosis of what three things?

A
  • external oblique
  • inferior oblique
  • transverse abdominalis
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15
Q

when inferior to the arcuate line, the posterior layer of the rectus sheath is formed by what

A

transversalis fascia

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16
Q

umbilical fold from the urinary bladder to umbilicus an also covers a ligament of the same name

A

median umbilical fold

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17
Q

umbilical folds that cover a ligament of the same name as well as occluded portions of umbilical aa

A

medial umbilical fold (2)

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18
Q

umbilical folds that cover inferior epigastric vessels

A

lateral umbilical folds (2)

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19
Q

the circumflex a is a branch of the ______ a and supplies the region of the _____ _____

A
  • femoral

- inguinal ligament

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20
Q

the epigastric a is a branch of the _______ a and supplies the abdomen inferior to _____

A
  • femoral

- umbilicus

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21
Q

all vessels of the abdomen run in _____ ____ and _____

A
  • superficial fat

- fascia

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22
Q

what is the name of the femoral artery before it passes under the inguinal ligament

A

external iliac a

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23
Q

the deep circumflex iliac vessels are branches of the ____ ____ a and run in-between the _____ ____ and ______ _____ mm. they supply the _____ _____ _____mm

A
  • external iliac
  • inferior oblique
  • transverse abdominalis
  • inferior lateral abdominal
24
Q

the inferior epigastric vessels are branches of the ____ ____ a and enter the posterior rectus sheath at the _____ ____. they supply the _____ _____ ____mm and they anastomose with _____ _____

A
  • external iliac a
  • arcuate line
  • lower rectus abdominus mm
  • superior epigastric
25
Q

the superior epigastric vessels are branches of the _____ _____ a and enter the posterior rectus sheath lateral to the ______. they supply the _____ _____ ____ mm and anastomose with the _____ ____ m

A
  • internal thoracic
  • sternum
  • upper rectus abdominalis
  • inferior epigastric
26
Q

the musculophrenic vessels are branches of the _____ _____ a and run along ____ _____. they supply the _____ _____mm and the ________

A
  • internal thoracic
  • costal cartilages
  • upper abdominal mm
  • diaphragm
27
Q

what nerve levels span the abdomen?

A

T7-L1

28
Q

nerves that supply the region of the abdominal wall above umbilicus

A

T7-T9

29
Q

nerves that supply the region of the abdominal wall at the umbilical region

A

T10

30
Q

nerves that supply the region of the abdominal wall below umbilicus

A

T11-L1

31
Q

injury to T11-L1 weakens mm in the _____ region which predisposes them to _____ _____ _____

A
  • inguinal

- DIRECT inguinal hernias

32
Q

the inguinal region is superior to _____, medial to ____, and lateral to _____ ____

A
  • thigh
  • ilium
  • pubic bone
33
Q

what five things are found in the inguinal region?

A
  • inguinal ligament
  • inguinal canal
  • superficial rings of canal
  • deep rings of canal
  • walls of the canal
34
Q

the inguinal ligament is the folded inferior border of the _____ _____ ______

A

external oblique aponeurosis

35
Q

the inguinal ligament extends from _____ _____ ____ ____ to the _____ _____

A
  • anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

- pubic tubercle

36
Q

the inguinal canal traverses the _____ abdominal wall

A

anterior

37
Q

the male inguinal canal contains what 5 things

A
  • spermatic cord
  • vas deferens
  • testicular nerves and vessels
  • cremasteric m
  • ilioinguinal n (L1)
38
Q

the female inguinal canal contains what 2 things/

A
  • round ligament of uterus

- ilioinguinal nerve (L1)

39
Q

the superficial ring of the inguinal canal has its opening in the _____ _____ aponeurosis and is an obvious triangular opening lateral to the ____ _____

A
  • external oblique

- pubic tubercle

40
Q

the deep ring of the inguinal canal has its opening in _____ ______ and is a subtle piercing just lateral to the _____ _____ vessels

A
  • transversalis fascia

- inferior epigastric

41
Q

what two things constitute the roof of the inguinal canal?

A
  • inferior oblique m

- transverse abdominalis m

42
Q

what constitutes the floor of the inguinal canal?

A

inguinal ligament

43
Q

the out pouching of abdominal viscera within a sac is known as an ______ _____

A

abdominal hernia

44
Q

what three layers is the hernial sac composed of?

A
  • peritoneum
  • extraperitoneal fat
  • transversalis fascia
45
Q

90% of hernias occur in the _____ region

A

inguinal

46
Q

an indirect inguinal hernia extends thru entire _____ ____ and is lateral to _____ ____ vessels.

A
  • inguinal canal

- inferior epigastric

47
Q

a(n) _____ inguinal hernia commonly enters scrotum or labia majora

A

indirect

48
Q

a(n) _____ inguinal hernia is the most common type of hernia and occurs more in _____ than _____

A
  • indirect
  • males
  • females
49
Q

an indirect inguinal hernia is referred to as a canal of _____ in females

A

Nuck

50
Q

an indirect inguinal hernia is usually from persistent ______ ______ in men

A

processus vaginalis

51
Q

a direct inguinal canal extends though the _____ _____

A

inguinal triangle

52
Q

what constitutes the inguinal triangle?

A
  • inferior epigastric a
  • rectus abdominalis m
  • inguinal ligament
53
Q

where does a direct inguinal hernia emerge?

A

thru conjoint tendon or at superficial ring

54
Q

a(n) _____ inguinal hernia does not enter scrotum or labia majora

A

direct

55
Q

a(n) _____ inguinal hernia is associated with a weakened abdominal wall

A

direct

Anatomy (S2)(Unit 2) (14 decks)

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