[Grammar] Present Perfect Simple and Continuous Flashcards
[grammar: perfect tenses] Goodness, I’m so tired! I _ (work) all night. Well, at least I _ (finish) the report.
Goodness, I’m so tired! I‘ve been working all night - (focus on the action that’s the source of my feeling)
Well, at least I‘ve finished the report. (focus on a one-off event)
[grammar: perfect tenses] _ (the dog / chew) on my bag???
Has the dog been chewing on my bag???
[frustration + results of a recent action]
[grammar: perfect tenses] _ (you / fight) again? _ (You / lose) your teeth!
No, _ (I / not / lose) them, Mum. They’re in my pockete!
Have you been fighting again? (focus on the action that’s the source of the current situation)
You’ve lost your teeth! (focus on the result: no teeth)
No, I haven’t lost them, Mum. They’re in my pocket!
[grammar: perfect tenses] Daddy, have a look! It _ (snow)! (= выпал снег)
Daddy, have a look! It’s been snowing!
(focus on the action - snowing - that’s the source of the result - the ground is covered in snow)
[grammar: perfect tenses] Oh, I’m totally exhausted. I _ (write) wedding invitations the whole morning. I _ (write) 150 ones so far.
Oh, I’m totally exhausted. I’ve been writing wedding invitations the whole morning. - focus on the action
I’ve written 150 ones so far. - focus on the number
[grammar: perfect tenses] They _ (just / get) married.
They‘ve just got married. [one-off event / change]
[grammar: perfect tenses] She _ (travel) across the globe since she was 16.
She _ (visit) more than 40 countries.
She’s been travelling across the globe since she was 16. [focus: the action]
She’s visited more than 40 countries. [focus: the number]
[grammar: perfect tenses] What’s this smoke? _ (you / cook) again??
What’s this smoke? Have you been cooking again?? [I disapprove of the person’s action]
[grammar: perfect tenses] (1) _ (you / drink) again??
(2) _ (you / drink) all my wine??
(1) Have you been drinking again?? (I disapprove of the person’s action)
(2) Have you drunk all my wine?? (I disapprove of the result: there’s no wine left)
[grammar: perfect tenses] You / read my emails again???
Have you been reading my emails again??? (it’s the action that’s annoying here)
[grammar: perfect tenses] Why are you covered in paint?? Because _ (I / paint) the room.
Why are you covered in paint??
Because I’ve been painting the room. (focus: action that’s the source of the situation)
[grammar: perfect tenses] Your breath stinks! _ (you / smoke)?
Your breath stinks! Have you been smoking? (it’s the action that’s annoying)
