Grammar Adverbs Flashcards

1
Q

What are adverbs

A

adverbial expressions modify meanings because they complete, alter, or even contradict the meaning of verbs, adjectives or even the whole sentence.

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2
Q
how are most adverbs formed?
histórico
intenso
lento
cariñoso
profundo
serio
A
by adding the suffix -mente to the feminine form of the adjective
históricamente
intensamente
lentamenete
cariñosamente
profundamente
seriamente
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3
Q
how is the adverb formed when with adjectives that do not have a distinct feminine form
amable
fácil
feliz
inteligente
triste
A
add -mente to the masculine / feminine singular
amablemente
fácilmente
felizmente
inteligentemente
tristemente
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4
Q
several adverbs either have irregular forms or are identifica to the corresponding adjectives
bueno
malo
mejor
peor
A

bien
mal
mejor
peor

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5
Q
how do you form adverbs of quantity
mucho
poco
demasiado
tanto
más
menos
A
many adverbs of quantity have no suffix but are identical to the masculine singular
mucho
poco
demasiado
tanto
más
menos
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6
Q

how do you form the adverb referring to loudness and softness

A

adverbs referring to loudness and softness have no ending but are identical to the masculine singular form of the adjective
hablar alto
hablar bajo
hablar fuerte

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7
Q

Where do adverbs of manner (adverbs that tell how something is done) get placed?

  • Hiciste el trabajo
  • ¿Qué dices? Lo hice.
  • Mentira. Yo trabajé.
  • A mi me parece que ni hiciste nada.
A

right after the verbs they modify or as close to the verb as possible.

  • Hiciste mal el trabajo.
  • ¿Qué dices? Lo hice bien. De todas formas, lo hice mejor que tú.
  • Mentira. Yo trabajé cuidadosamente.
  • A mi me parece que ni hiciste nada sistemáticamente.
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8
Q

adverbials of manner tended to be placed X intransitive verbs but Y the verb phrase when the verb is transitive.
Esta orquesta tocó anoche.
La orquesta tocó la obertura anoche.

A

adverbials of manner tended to be placed immediately after intransitive verbs but after the complete verb phrase when the verb is transitive.
Esta orquesta tocó estupendamente anoche.
La orquesta tocó la obertura estupendamente anoche.

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9
Q

explain adverbs and auxiliary verbs
El huracán ha destruido el pueblo.
El enfermo está mejorando.

A

adverbs cannot come between an auxiliary verb and the main verb
El huracán ha destruido el pueblo totalmente.
El enfermo está mejorando rápidamente.

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10
Q

explain adverbs and direct objects

Leyó el artículo.
No explicó claramente.
Dijo torpemente.

A

direct objects often come between the verb and the adverb (including negative and indefinite words)

Leyó el artículo atentamente.
No explicó nada claramente.
Dijo eso torpemente.

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11
Q

what happens when two + adverbs ending in -mente modify the same verb

A

the suffix -mente is dropped from all but the last adverb

Nos habló franca y abiertamente.
Hay que explicar las cosas clara e inteligentemente.
Hicieron su trabajo diligente y cuidadosamente.

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12
Q

explain adverbs and intensifiers

A
intensifiers precede the adjective or adverbs they modify
completamente inútil
elegantemente vestido
extremadamente inteligente
muy bonito
sumamente bien
tán fácilmente
totalmente ridúculo
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13
Q

which comes first, adverbials of time or place?

A

adverbials of time

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14
Q

now

A

ahora

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15
Q

often

A

a menudo

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16
Q

before

beforehand

A

antes

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17
Q

at the present time

A

actualmente

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18
Q

right now

A

ahora mismo

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19
Q

on time

A

a tiempo

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20
Q

sometimes

A

algunas veces

a veces

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21
Q

often

A

muchas veces

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22
Q

seldom

A

rara vez

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23
Q

once

A

una vez

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24
Q

frequently

often

A

con frecuencia

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25
after
después
26
at once right away straightaway
en seguida
27
then | at that time
entonces
28
then | next
luego
29
never
nunca
30
soon
pronto
31
for now
por ahora
32
already now right now
ya
33
no longer | not any more
ya no
34
newly just recently
recién
35
still | yet
todavia
36
not yet
todavía no
37
still | yet
aún
38
thus so like that
así
39
likewise
asimismo
40
on tiptoe
de puntillas
41
in the same way
del mismo modo | de la misma manera
42
suddenly
de repente
43
here
acá | aquí
44
there by you
ahí
45
there over there
allí
46
there way over there
allá
47
in front
delante
48
forwards
adelante
49
inside
dentro
50
behind
detrás
51
backwards
atrás
52
above | on top
encima
53
outside | out
fuera
54
around here
por aquí
55
frm here
desde aquí
56
up to here
hasta allí
57
up there
allí arriba
58
down here
aquí abajo
59
near here
aquí cerca
60
backward | to the back
para atrás
61
even
incluso aun (not aún) hasta
62
not even
ni siquiera
63
how do you form the comparative of adverbs
the comparative of adverbs is formed in the same way as for adjectives más + adverb + que
64
how do you form the superlative of adverbs
the superlative of adverbs is formed in the same way as for adjectives
65
how do you form the comparative of equality
(no) tan .. como | tanto ... como
66
further
además
67
meanwhile | in the meanfime
mientras tanto
68
Contrasting different forms of expressing quality or quantity (¿muy / mucho?) + adjective/adverb
Muy Bastante Poco demasiado +adjective +adverb Luisa es muy inteligente. Alberto cocina bastante bien. Jorge es poco estudioso. Habéis llegado demasiado tarde.
69
Contrasting different forms of expressing quality or quantity verb + (¿muy / mucho?)
verb +Mucho Bastante Poco demasiado Ernestina trabaja mucho. Consuelo sale bastante. Ignacio como poco. Rodrigo habla demasiado.
70
Contrasting different forms of expressing quality or quantity (¿muy / mucho?) + noun
mucho/a/os/as bastante/es poco/a/os/as demasiado/a/os/as +noun Ernestina trabaja muchas horas. Tiene bastantes amigos. Ignacio como poca carne. Bebes demasiado leche.
71
Contrasting different forms of expressing quality or quantity (¿tan / tanto?) + adjective / adverb
tan +adjective +adverb Es tan lista! ¡Vas tan rápido! ¿Por qué quieres llegar tan pronto?
72
Contrasting different forms of expressing quality or quantity (¿tan / tanto?) + verb
verb +tanto ¡Habla tanto!
73
How do these adjectives become adverbs? diario fácil posible
Diario diaria diariamente Fácil fácil fácilmente Posible posible posiblemente
74
When dealing with adjectives with -ísimo what do you do? lenta fácil
When dealing with adjectives with -ísimo do the same thing. lent(a) + ísima + mente lentísimamente Samuel come lentísimamente. Fácil + ísima + mente facilísimamente esta ventana se abre facilísimamente.
75
In phrases with two or more adverbs with -mente, [?]
In phrases with two or more adverbs with -mente, only the last one gets the ending. The first goes in the feminine singular form of the adjective. Me recibió muy amable y educadamente. Esto hay que hacerlo hábil y pacientemente. En esta empresa se trabaja eficaz y rápidamente. Pórtate siempre cortés y educadamente. Yo digo las cosas abierta y sinceramente. Pablo cocina limpia y rápidamente. El director nos habló clara y cortésmente.