GP

Question 1

What is the definition of health as laid out by the World Health Organisation?

Answer 1

A state of complete physical, social and mental wellbeing not just the absence of disease.

Question 2

What % of healthcare happens in the primary setting?

Answer 2

90%

Question 3

What % of illnesses are forwarded to secondary care?

Answer 3

2-4%

Question 4

What are the four ethical principles that underline medical practice?

Answer 4

Justice
Benefice
Non-Maleficence
Autonomy

Question 5

What are the three things that make information useful when setting goals?

Answer 5

Relevant to current goals
Easily memorisable and understood
Readily available

Question 6

What does motivation depend on?

Answer 6

Seeing the value of change and having faith in your ability to manage the change

Question 7

What is self efficacy?

Answer 7

Self belief to change

Question 8

What are SMART goals?

Answer 8

Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Reasonable
Timely

Question 9

What are the six social influences on health

Answer 9

Gender
Ethnicity
Housing
Employment
Financial security
Social class

Question 10

Three social factors that help people change their behaviour

Answer 10

Great social pressure to change
If an individual expects a positive response from those around them
If an individual perceives that the change will coincide with their image

Question 11

What is a hazard?

Answer 11

Something with the potential to cause harm

Question 12

What is a risk?

Answer 12

Likelihood of harm taking place

Question 13

What is a risk factor?

Answer 13

Something that increases risk/ the likelihood of harm occurring

Question 14

What is suscepitbility?

Answer 14

How likely that something will cause harm

Question 15

Five types of hazards

Answer 15

Biological
Chemical
Mechanical
Physical
Psychological

Question 16

Examples of physical hazard

Answer 16

Noise
Vibration
Height
Heat
Electricity
Confined spaces

Question 17

Examples of biological hazard

Answer 17

Viruses
Toxins from biological sources
Spores
Fungi
Pathogenic microorganisms
Bodily fluids

Question 18

Examples of mechanical hazards

Answer 18

Slips
Being hit my objects
Injured by equipment

Question 19

Examples of chemical hazards

Answer 19

Drugs
Alcohol
Acids
Solvents
Fumes

Question 20

Examples of psychological factors

Answer 20

Stress
Bullying
Violence from other people
Diet
Smoking
Mental health

Question 21

Routes of exposure to skin

Answer 21

Breakage in skin
Blood
Sexual
Inhalation
Ingestion

Question 22

Factors that increase risk

Answer 22

How much a person is exposed
How a person is exposed
Conditions of exposure

Question 23

What factors govern perception of risk?

Answer 23

Familiarity of risk
Sense of control - voluntary risks are deemed less risky than involuntary risks
Magnitude of possible harm

Question 24

What are the three types of GP consults?

Answer 24

Authoritarian or paternalistic relationship

Guidance/co-operation

Mutual participation relationship

Question 25

Describe the authoritarian consult style

Answer 25

The physician uses all authority and the patient has no autonomy, the patient tries hard to please the doctor and does not actively participate in their own treatment

Question 26

Describe the guidance/cooperation GP consult style

Answer 26

The physician exercises much authority and the patient is obedient, but has a greater feeling of autonomy and participates somewhat more active in the relationship.

Question 27

Describe mutual participation GP style

Answer 27

Patients take on a larger portion of responsibility for their own health through sharing of information and decision-making

Patients feel a greater sense of autonomy since more participation

Patient compliance is improved

Patient satisfaction is improved because they have been fully informed – less likely to complain about treatment.

Question 28

What are the types of GP question types?

Answer 28

Open-ended question

Direct question

Closed question

Leading question

Reflected question

Question 29

Describe the open-ended question style

Answer 29

Not seeking a particular answer but signalling to the patient to tell them more

“Tell me about the pain”

Question 30

Describe the direct question style

Answer 30

Asks about a specific item

“Where is the pain?”

Question 31

Describe a closed question

Answer 31

Can only be answered with yes or no

Question 32

Describe a leading question

Answer 32

Prompts a certain answer

“The pain is severe”

Question 33

Describe a reflective question

Answer 33

Allows the doctor to avoid answering a direct question

“You want to know the cause of pain?”

Question 34

What are the positive ideas about health as defined by David Seedhouse?

Answer 34

•Health as an ideal state

•Health as physical and mental fitness

•Health as a commodity

•Health as personal strength or ability

•Health as the basis for personal potential

Question 35

What are the lay beliefs about health in comparison to professional beliefs?

Answer 35

Lay beliefs:
Absence of disease
Physical fitness
Functional ability

Professional:
Bio-medical or scientific view, health as the absence of disease/illness and the positive/hollistic views set out by david seedhouse

Question 36

What is the afrocarribean impression of high blood pressure?

Answer 36

Attached different meanings to high blood pressure:

•regarded it as “normal” and not as an increased risk of stroke/heart attack

•were less likely to take their medication

Question 37

What is the importance of understanding the patients views upon health and normality?

Answer 37

Formulate a joint plan

Tailor your advice in order for the patient to make an informed decision

Improve compliance and your professional relationship with the patient

Question 38

What are the three separate activities carried out by the patient and doctor?

Answer 38

Talking together - always

Doctor examining the patient - often

Performing procedures - sometimes