Gluteal Region-Week 7

Question 1

What are the 3 gluteal muscles?

Answer 1

• Gluteus maximus
• Gluteus minimus
• Gluteus Medius

Question 2

What is the origin of gluteal Maximus?

Answer 2

• Gluteal surface of the ilium, behind the posterior gluteal line.
• Back of the sacrum, coccyx and sacrotuberous ligament.

Question 3

What is the insertion of gluteal maximus?

Answer 3

• 3/4 of the iliotibial tract–> superficial.

- Lower deep 1/4 gluteal tuberosity of the femur.

Question 4

What is the nerve supply of gluteus maximus?

Answer 4

Inferior gluteal nerve

Question 5

What is the main extensor of the hip joint?

Answer 5

Gluteus maximus

Question 6

Which ligament prevents hyperextension of the hip joint?

Answer 6

Iliofemoral ligament

Question 7

List some of the actions gluteus maximus helps in.

Answer 7

• Walking up the stairs
• And standing up.
• -> It extends the hip joint.

Question 8

How is the iliotibial tract formed?

Answer 8

Thickened lateral part of the deep fascia of the thigh.

Question 9

What is the bony attachment of the upper end of the iliotibial tract?

Answer 9

Iliac crest

Question 10

What is the bony attachment of the lower end of the iliotibial tract ?

Answer 10

Lateral condyle of the tibia

Question 11

Name 2 muscles attached to the iliotibial tract.

Answer 11

• Tensor fascia lata–> anterior

- Superficial 3/4 of the gluteus maximus–> posterior

Question 12

What is the function of the iliotibial tract?

Answer 12

• Fixation of the femur on the tibia during standing to maintain erect posture.
• Assists in extension of the knee joint

Question 13

What are the muscles of the abductors and medial rotators?

Answer 13

• Gluteus medius.
• Gluteus minimus.
• Tensor fascia lata.

Question 14

What does abduction mean?

Answer 14

the movement of a limb or other part away from the midline of the body

Question 15

What is the origin of the gluteus medius?

Answer 15

Gluteal surface of the ilium between the posterior and the middle gluteal lines.

Question 16

What is the origin of the gluteus minimus?

Answer 16

Gluteal surface of the ilium between the middle and inferior gluteal lines.

Question 17

What is the origin of tensor fascia lata?

Answer 17

Outer lip of the iliac crest behind the anterior superior iliac spine.

Question 18

What is the insertion of Gluteus minimus and medius?

Answer 18

Greater trochanter of the tibia.

Question 19

Which nerve supplies the abductor and medial rotators?

Answer 19

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 20

What is the function of abductors and medial rotators?

Answer 20

Prevents tilting of the pelvis to the other side during walking.

Question 21

What happens if there is a lesion in the superior gluteal nerve?

Answer 21

Tilting of the pelvis while walking.

Question 22

What prevents hyper- abduction of the hip joint?

Answer 22

Pubofemoral ligament

Question 23

What the muscles of the lateral rotation?

Answer 23

• Piriformis
• gemellus superior
• obturator internus
• gemellus inferior
• quadratus femoris
• obturator externus

Question 24

What is the nerve supply of piriformis?

Answer 24

1st and 2nd sacral nerves

Question 25

Which muscles does the nerve to obturator internus supplies to?

Answer 25

• Obturator internus

- Superior gemellus

Question 26

Which muscles does the nerve to quadratus femoris supplies to?

Answer 26

• Inferior gemellus.

- Quadratus femoris

Question 27

What are the structures that passes through the greater sciatic foramen?

Answer 27

-Piriformis muscle
Above the piriformis;
-Superior gluteal nerve and vessels.
Below the piriformis:
-Inferior gluteal nerve and vessels.
-Sciatic nerve.
-Nerve to quadratus femoris.
-Post cutaneous nerve of the thigh. 
-Nerve to the obturator internus.
-Internal pudendal vessels.

Question 28

What are the contents of lesser sciatic foramen?

Answer 28

• Internal pudendal artery and vein.
• Pudendal nerve
• Obturator internus tendon.
• Nerve to obturator internus.

Question 29

How many regions is the gluteal region divided into?

Answer 29

4 quadrants

Question 30

Where should the syringe be inserted during intramuscular injected?

Answer 30

• Should be away from the nerves to avoid injury.

- It is best to insert the needle in the upper lateral and upper medial part of the gluteal region.